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Missing modalities cause severe failures in multimodal recommender systems. User histories, item text, and visual evidence are frequently absent during cold-start scenarios, exactly when recommendation quality matters most. Existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinze Wang , Yangchen Zeng , Tiehua Zhang , Lu Zhang , Yuze Liu , Zhishu Shen , Jiong Jin , Zhu Sun

In this paper, we propose SimMLM, a simple yet powerful framework for multimodal learning with missing modalities. Unlike existing approaches that rely on sophisticated network architectures or complex data imputation techniques, SimMLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Sijie Li , Chen Chen , Jungong Han

This paper presents an open-source toolbox, MMRec for multimodal recommendation. MMRec simplifies and canonicalizes the process of implementing and comparing multimodal recommendation models. The objective of MMRec is to provide a unified…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Xin Zhou

Multimodal sentiment analysis relies on textual, acoustic, and visual signals, yet real-world data often suffer from modality missing and quality imbalance. Existing methods generate features for modality missing from available ones, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenglizhao Chen , Yuchen Cao , Xinyu Liu , Mengke Song , Guisheng Zhang , Xiaomin Yu

The development of multimodal models has significantly advanced multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition. However, in real-world applications, the presence of various missing modality cases often leads to a degradation in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zirun Guo , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao

Multimodal recommendation aims to model user and item representations comprehensively with the involvement of multimedia content for effective recommendations. Existing research has shown that it is beneficial for recommendation performance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yuting Liu , Enneng Yang , Yizhou Dang , Guibing Guo , Qiang Liu , Yuliang Liang , Linying Jiang , Xingwei Wang

Acquiring valuable data from the rapidly expanding information on the internet has become a significant concern, and recommender systems have emerged as a widely used and effective tool for helping users discover items of interest. The…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jinfeng Xu , Zheyu Chen , Shuo Yang , Jinze Li , Wei Wang , Xiping Hu , Steven Hoi , Edith Ngai

Multimodal recommender systems utilize various types of information to model user preferences and item features, helping users discover items aligned with their interests. The integration of multimodal information mitigates the inherent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Shanshan Zhong , Zhongzhan Huang , Daifeng Li , Wushao Wen , Jinghui Qin , Liang Lin

In this paper, we tackle two challenges in multimodal learning for visual recognition: 1) when missing-modality occurs either during training or testing in real-world situations; and 2) when the computation resources are not available to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Yi-Lun Lee , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Wei-Chen Chiu , Chen-Yu Lee

Multimodal recommendation has emerged as an effective paradigm for enhancing collaborative filtering by incorporating heterogeneous content modalities. Existing multimodal recommenders predominantly focus on reinforcing cross-modal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hao Zhan , Yihui Wang , Yonghui Yang , Danyang Yue , Yu Wang , Pengyang Shao , Fei Shen , Fei Liu , Le Wu

Multimodal recommender systems leverage diverse data sources, such as user interactions, content features, and contextual information, to address challenges like cold-start and data sparsity. However, existing methods often suffer from one…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Adamya Shyam , Venkateswara Rao Kagita , Bharti Rana , Vikas Kumar

Multimodal networks have demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over their unimodal counterparts. Existing multimodal networks are designed in a multi-branch fashion that, due to the reliance on fusion strategies, exhibit…

Many multimodal recommender systems have been proposed to exploit the rich side information associated with users or items (e.g., user reviews and item images) for learning better user and item representations to improve the recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Fan Liu , Huilin Chen , Zhiyong Cheng , Anan Liu , Liqiang Nie , Mohan Kankanhalli

Side information is being used extensively to improve the effectiveness of sequential recommendation models. It is said to help capture the transition patterns among items. Most previous work on sequential recommendation that uses side…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Yujie Lin , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Chenyang Wang , Qiang Yan , Maarten de Rijke , Xiuzhen Cheng , Pengjie Ren

Multimodal data plays a critical role in web-based recommendation systems, where information from diverse modalities such as vision and text enhances representation learning. However, real-world multimodal datasets often suffer from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yuan Li , Jun Hu , Jiaxin Jiang , Bryan Hooi , Bingsheng He

Modern recommender systems face critical challenges in handling information overload while addressing the inherent limitations of multimodal representation learning. Existing methods suffer from three fundamental limitations: (1) restricted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Zheyu Chen , Jinfeng Xu , Hewei Wang , Shuo Yang , Zitong Wan , Haibo Hu

Multimodal-aware recommender systems (MRSs) exploit multimodal content (e.g., product images or descriptions) as items' side information to improve recommendation accuracy. While most of such methods rely on factorization models (e.g.,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Daniele Malitesta , Giandomenico Cornacchia , Claudio Pomo , Tommaso Di Noia

Multimodal recommendation systems have attracted increasing attention for their improved performance by leveraging items' multimodal information. Prior methods often build modality-specific item-item semantic graphs from raw modality…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Xiaoxiong Zhang , Xin Zhou , Zhiwei Zeng , Dusit Niyato , Zhiqi Shen

Multimodal recommendation systems (MMRS) have received considerable attention from the research community due to their ability to jointly utilize information from user behavior and product images and text. Previous research has two main…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Guojiao Lin , Zhen Meng , Dongjie Wang , Qingqing Long , Yuanchun Zhou , Meng Xiao

We propose to improve transformers of a specific modality with irrelevant data from other modalities, e.g., improve an ImageNet model with audio or point cloud datasets. We would like to highlight that the data samples of the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yiyuan Zhang , Xiaohan Ding , Kaixiong Gong , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Xiangyu Yue