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Activation sparsity can enable practical inference speedups in large language models (LLMs) by reducing the compute and memory-movement required for matrix multiplications during the forward pass. However, existing methods face limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 James Liu , Pragaash Ponnusamy , Tianle Cai , Han Guo , Yoon Kim , Ben Athiwaratkun

In this work, we systematically investigate the efficacy of dynamic activation mechanisms within the LLaMA family of language models. Despite the potential of dynamic activation methods to reduce computation and increase speed in models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Chi Ma , Mincong Huang , Chao Wang , Yujie Wang , Lei Yu

Massive Over-activation Yielded Uplifts(MOYU) is an inherent property of large language models, and dynamic activation(DA) based on the MOYU property is a clever yet under-explored strategy designed to accelerate inference in these models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Chi Ma , Mincong Huang , Chao Wang , Yujie Wang , Lei Yu

Exploiting activation sparsity is a promising approach to significantly accelerating the inference process of large language models (LLMs) without compromising performance. However, activation sparsity is determined by activation functions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Yixin Song , Haotong Xie , Zhengyan Zhang , Bo Wen , Li Ma , Zeyu Mi , Haibo Chen

Activation sparsity is an intriguing property of deep neural networks that has been extensively studied in ReLU-based models, due to its advantages for efficiency, robustness, and interpretability. However, methods relying on exact zero…

Dense large language models(LLMs) face critical efficiency bottlenecks as they rigidly activate all parameters regardless of input complexity. While existing sparsity methods(static pruning or dynamic activation) address this partially,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Yiheng Yang , Yujie Wang , Chi Ma , Lei Yu , Emmanuele Chersoni , Chu-Ren Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success with their billion-level parameters, yet they incur high inference overheads. The emergence of activation sparsity in LLMs provides a natural approach to reduce this cost by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Haizhong Zheng , Xiaoyan Bai , Xueshen Liu , Z. Morley Mao , Beidi Chen , Fan Lai , Atul Prakash

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in vision understanding, reasoning, and interaction. However, the inference computation and memory increase progressively with the generation of output tokens during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Wenxuan Huang , Zijie Zhai , Yunhang Shen , Shaosheng Cao , Fei Zhao , Xiangfeng Xu , Zheyu Ye , Yao Hu , Shaohui Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) with billions of parameters have drastically transformed AI applications. However, their demanding computation during inference has raised significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained devices.…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks but often require additional training, such as continual pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. However, the costs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Da Ma , Lu Chen , Pengyu Wang , Hongshen Xu , Hanqi Li , Liangtai Sun , Su Zhu , Shuai Fan , Kai Yu

Sparse computation offers a compelling solution for the inference of Large Language Models (LLMs) in low-resource scenarios by dynamically skipping the computation of inactive neurons. While traditional approaches focus on ReLU-based LLMs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zhengyan Zhang , Yixin Song , Guanghui Yu , Xu Han , Yankai Lin , Chaojun Xiao , Chenyang Song , Zhiyuan Liu , Zeyu Mi , Maosong Sun

Deploying local AI models, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), to edge devices can substantially enhance devices' independent capabilities, alleviate the server's burden, and lower the response time. Owing to these tremendous potentials,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Nobel Dhar , Bobin Deng , Md Romyull Islam , Kazi Fahim Ahmad Nasif , Liang Zhao , Kun Suo

Activation sparsity can reduce the computational overhead and memory transfers during the forward pass of Large Language Model (LLM) inference. Existing methods face limitations, either demanding time-consuming recovery training that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kai Liu , Bowen Xu , Shaoyu Wu , Xin Chen , Hao Zhou , Yongliang Tao , Lulu Hu

The growing computational demands of large language models (LLMs) make efficient inference and activation strategies increasingly critical. While recent approaches, such as Mixture-of-Experts (MoE), leverage selective activation but require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Sihan Chen , Dan Zhao , Jongwoo Ko , Colby Banbury , Huiping Zhuang , Luming Liang , Pashmina Cameron , Tianyi Chen

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices remains challenging due to their quadratically increasing computations with the sequence length. Existing studies for dynamic attention pruning are designed for hardware with massively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jiawen Qi , Chang Gao , Zhaochun Ren , Qinyu Chen

Activation sparsity denotes the existence of substantial weakly-contributed elements within activation outputs that can be eliminated, benefiting many important applications concerned with large language models (LLMs). Although promoting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuqi Luo , Chenyang Song , Xu Han , Yingfa Chen , Chaojun Xiao , Xiaojun Meng , Liqun Deng , Jiansheng Wei , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities, but their immense computational demands during training remain a critical bottleneck for widespread adoption. Low-rank training has received attention in recent years due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jiaxi Li , Lu Yin , Li Shen , Jinjin Xu , Yuhui Liu , Wenwu Wang , Shiwei Liu , Xilu Wang

In recent years, language models (LMs) have made remarkable progress in advancing the field of natural language processing (NLP). However, the impact of data augmentation (DA) techniques on the fine-tuning (FT) performance of these LMs has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Zhengxiang Shi , Aldo Lipani

Despite the impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs), their performance on information extraction tasks is still not entirely satisfactory. However, their remarkable rewriting capabilities and extensive world knowledge offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Junjie Ye , Nuo Xu , Yikun Wang , Jie Zhou , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang

The training of large language models (LLMs) is expensive. In this paper, we study data-efficient approaches for pre-training LLMs, i.e., techniques that aim to optimize the Pareto frontier of model quality and training resource/data…

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