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It is hard to achieve a theoretical quantum advantage on NISQ devices. Besides the attempts to reduce error using error mitigation and dynamical decoupling, small quantum error correction and fault-tolerant schemes that reduce the high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-04 Anirudh Lanka

Variational quantum algorithms exploit the features of superposition and entanglement to optimize a cost function efficiently by manipulating the quantum states. They are suitable for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Yunya Liu , Jiakun Liu , Jordan R. Raney , Pai Wang

This paper presents a first end-to-end application of a Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM) algorithm for a classification problem in the financial payment industry using the IBM Safer Payments and IBM Quantum Computers via the Qiskit…

Current technological advancements of quantum computers highlight the need for application-driven, practical and well-defined methods of benchmarking their performance. As the existing NISQ device's quality of two-qubit gate errors rate is…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Krzysztof Kurowski , Piotr Rydlichowski , Konrad Wojciechowski , Tomasz Pecyna , Mateusz Slysz

When noisy intermediate scalable quantum (NISQ) devices are applied in information processing, all of the stages through preparation, manipulation, and measurement of multipartite qubit states contain various types of noise that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Hyeokjea Kwon , Joonwoo Bae

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Quantum algorithms offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms for a range of computational problems. The fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum computation required the development and construction of quantum computers. These…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shane Sweeney , Krishnendu Guha

Cloud quantum platforms give users access to many backends with different qubit technologies, coupling layouts, and noise levels. The execution of a circuit, however, depends on internal allocation and routing policies that are not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Subrata Das , Archisman Ghosh , Swaroop Ghosh

Social financial technology focuses on trust, sustainability, and social responsibility, which require advanced technologies to address complex financial tasks in the digital era. With the rapid growth in online transactions, automating…

Quantum machine learning (QML) is a promising paradigm for tackling computational problems that challenge classical AI. Yet, the inherent probabilistic behavior of quantum mechanics, device noise in NISQ hardware, and hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Jungwon Seo , Umit Cali

Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have shown significant value across domains, with well-trained QNNs representing critical intellectual property often deployed via cloud-based QNN-as-a-Service (QNNaaS) platforms. Recent work has examined QNN…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Zhenxiao Fu , Leyi Zhao , Xuhong Zhang , Yilun Xu , Gang Huang , Fan Chen

Many third-party cloud providers set up quantum hardware as a service that includes a wide range of qubit technologies and architectures to maximize performance at minimal cost. However, there is little visibility to where the execution of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Rupshali Roy , Archisman Ghosh , Swaroop Ghosh

Sustainable advancement is being made to improve the efficiency of the generation, transmission, and distribution of renewable energy resources, as well as managing them to ensure the reliable operation of the smart grid. Supervisory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Venkata K. V. V. Bathalapalli , Saraju P. Mohanty , Chenyun Pan , Elias Kougianos

Digital signatures play an important role in software distribution, modern communication and financial transactions, where it is important to detect forgery and tampering. Signatures are a cryptographic technique for validating the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 Ittoop Vergheese Puthoor , Ryan Amiri , Petros Wallden , Marcos Curty , Erika Andersson

Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize computing for certain classes of problems with exponential scaling, and yet this potential is accompanied by significant sensitivity to noise, requiring sophisticated error correction and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-11 Scott E. Smart , Zixuan Hu , Sabre Kais , David A. Mazziotti

We outline a proposal to test quantum mechanics in the high-complexity regime using noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The procedure involves simulating a non-Clifford random circuit, followed by its inverse, and then checking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Kevin Slagle

As medium-scale quantum computers progress, the application of quantum algorithms across diverse fields like simulating physical systems, chemistry, optimization, and cryptography becomes more prevalent. However, these quantum computers,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Purnachandra Mandadapu

Noisy-Intermediate-Scale-Quantum (NISQ) devices are nowadays starting to become available to the final user, hence potentially allowing to show the quantum speedups predicted by the quantum information theory. However, before implementing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-02 Paolo Braccia , Leonardo Banchi , Filippo Caruso

Quantum simulation represents the most promising quantum application to demonstrate quantum advantage on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers, yet available quantum simulation algorithms are prone to errors and thus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Shin Sun , Li-Chai Shih , Yuan-Chung Cheng

As quantum computing is becoming increasingly popular, the underlying quantum computing platforms are growing both in ability and complexity. Unfortunately, testing these platforms is challenging due to the relatively small number of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Matteo Paltenghi , Michael Pradel