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Large language models (LLMs) show promise in code translation due to their ability to generate idiomatic code. However, a significant limitation when using LLMs for code translation is scalability: existing works have shown a drop in…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Hanliang Zhang , Cristina David , Meng Wang , Brandon Paulsen , Daniel Kroening

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in advancing various fields of research and society. However, the current community of LLMs overly focuses on benchmarks for analyzing specific foundational skills (e.g.…

Large language models (LLMs) excel at general programming but struggle with domain-specific software development, necessitating domain specialization methods for LLMs to learn and utilize domain knowledge and data. However, existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xue Jiang , Ge Li , Jiaru Qian , Xianjie Shi , Chenjie Li , Hao Zhu , Ziyu Wang , Jielun Zhang , Zheyu Zhao , Lingwei Wu , Kechi Zhang , Jia Li , Wenpin Jiao , Zhi Jin , Yihong Dong

With the widespread adoption of vibe coding, understanding the reasoning and robustness of Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for their reliable use in programming tasks. While recent studies assess LLMs' ability to predict program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Pedro Orvalho , Marta Kwiatkowska

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to encode syntactic and semantic structures of language is well examined in NLP. Additionally, analogy identification, in the form of word analogies are extensively studied in the last decade of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Thilini Wijesiriwardene , Ruwan Wickramarachchi , Aishwarya Naresh Reganti , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha , Amit Sheth , Amitava Das

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various software engineering tasks, such as code generation and debugging, because of their ability to translate between programming languages and natural languages.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Wenqing Zhu , Norihiro Yoshida , Eunjong Choi , Yutaka Matsubara , Hiroaki Takada

Large Language Models (LLMs) applied to code-related applications have emerged as a prominent field, attracting significant interest from both academia and industry. However, as new and improved LLMs are developed, existing evaluation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Naman Jain , King Han , Alex Gu , Wen-Ding Li , Fanjia Yan , Tianjun Zhang , Sida Wang , Armando Solar-Lezama , Koushik Sen , Ion Stoica

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable potential in advancing scientific discovery. However, their capability in the fundamental yet crucial task of reproducing code from research papers, especially in the NLP…

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current methods and metrics used to evaluate the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation tasks. With the rapid growth in demand for automated software development,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Liguo Chen , Qi Guo , Hongrui Jia , Zhengran Zeng , Xin Wang , Yijiang Xu , Jian Wu , Yidong Wang , Qing Gao , Jindong Wang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) excel at code reasoning, a natural question arises: can an LLM execute programs (i.e., act as an interpreter) purely based on a programming language's formal semantics? If so, it will enable rapid prototyping…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Aditya Thimmaiah , Jiyang Zhang , Jayanth Srinivasa , Junyi Jessy Li , Milos Gligoric

Code clone detection is a critical task in software engineering, aimed at identifying duplicated or similar code fragments within or across software systems. Traditional methods often fail to capture functional equivalence, particularly for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yunhao Liang , Ruixuan Ying , Takuya Taniguchi , Guwen Lyu , Zhe Cui

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have showcased impressive code generation capabilities, primarily evaluated through language-to-code benchmarks. However, these benchmarks may not fully capture a model's code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yuwei Zhao , Ziyang Luo , Yuchen Tian , Hongzhan Lin , Weixiang Yan , Annan Li , Jing Ma

We present an empirical evaluation of Large Language Models in code understanding associated with non-trivial, semantic-preserving program transformations such as copy propagation or constant folding. Our findings show that LLMs fail to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Cosimo Laneve , Alvise Spanò , Dalila Ressi , Sabina Rossi , Michele Bugliesi

Recently, large language models (LLMs), especially those that are pretrained on code, have demonstrated strong capabilities in generating programs from natural language inputs in a few-shot or even zero-shot manner. Despite promising…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool in advancing the Text-to-SQL task, significantly outperforming traditional methods.Nevertheless, as a nascent research field, there is still no consensus on the optimal prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Bin Zhang , Yuxiao Ye , Guoqing Du , Xiaoru Hu , Zhishuai Li , Chi Harold Liu , Zhiwei Xu , Guoliang Fan , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li , Hangyu Mao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in software engineering, yet comprehensive benchmarks covering diverse SE activities remain limited. We present a multi-task evaluation of 11 state-of-the-art LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Go Frendi Gunawan , Mukhlis Amien

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant strides in code generation, achieving impressive capabilities in synthesizing code snippets from natural language instructions. However, a critical challenge remains in ensuring LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jian Yang , Wei Zhang , Yizhi Li , Shawn Guo , Haowen Wang , Aishan Liu , Ge Zhang , Zili Wang , Zhoujun Li , Xianglong Liu , Weifeng Lv

Recent development of large language models (LLMs) for code like CodeX and CodeT5+ demonstrates tremendous promise in achieving code intelligence. Their ability of synthesizing code that completes a program for performing a pre-defined task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Weimin Xiong , Yiwen Guo , Hao Chen

Natural language-driven no-code development allows users to specify software functionality using natural language (NL) instead of editing source code, promising increased productivity and democratized development. Large language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Le Deng , Zhonghao Jiang , Jialun Cao , Michael Pradel , Zhongxin Liu

Embedding models have demonstrated strong performance in tasks like clustering, retrieval, and feature extraction while offering computational advantages over generative models and cross-encoders. Benchmarks such as MTEB have shown that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhuohao Li , Wenqing Chen , Jianxing Yu , Zhichao Lu