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Recent breakthroughs in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have endowed AI systems with unified perception, reasoning and natural-language interaction across text, image and video streams. Meanwhile, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)…

This study focuses on using large language models (LLMs) as a planner for embodied agents that can follow natural language instructions to complete complex tasks in a visually-perceived environment. The high data cost and poor sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Chan Hee Song , Jiaman Wu , Clayton Washington , Brian M. Sadler , Wei-Lun Chao , Yu Su

Embodied agents operating in household environments must interpret ambiguous and under-specified human instructions. A capable household robot should recognize ambiguity and ask relevant clarification questions to infer the user intent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ram Ramrakhya , Matthew Chang , Xavier Puig , Ruta Desai , Zsolt Kira , Roozbeh Mottaghi

Foundation models, including large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), have recently enabled novel approaches to robot autonomy and human-robot interfaces. In parallel, vision-language-action models (VLAs) or large…

Large language models (LLMs) have undergone significant expansion and have been increasingly integrated across various domains. Notably, in the realm of robot task planning, LLMs harness their advanced reasoning and language comprehension…

In Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN), an embodied agent needs to reach a target destination with the only guidance of a natural language instruction. To explore the environment and progress towards the target location, the agent must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Federico Landi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Massimiliano Corsini , Rita Cucchiara

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent capabilities in composing various modules together to create programs that can perform complex reasoning tasks on images. In this paper, we propose TANGO, an approach that extends the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Filippo Ziliotto , Tommaso Campari , Luciano Serafini , Lamberto Ballan

The socially-aware navigation system has evolved to adeptly avoid various obstacles while performing multiple tasks, such as point-to-point navigation, human-following, and -guiding. However, a prominent gap persists: in Human-Robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Weiqin Zu , Wenbin Song , Ruiqing Chen , Ze Guo , Fanglei Sun , Zheng Tian , Wei Pan , Jun Wang

Recent Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) advancements are promising, but their idealized assumptions about robot movement and control fail to reflect physically embodied deployment challenges. To bridge this gap, we introduce VLN-PE, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Liuyi Wang , Xinyuan Xia , Hui Zhao , Hanqing Wang , Tai Wang , Yilun Chen , Chengju Liu , Qijun Chen , Jiangmiao Pang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in the hierarchical decomposition of complex tasks through semantic reasoning. However, their application in embodied systems faces challenges in ensuring reliable execution of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Ge Wang , Yiming Zhao , Zhixin Mai , Qing Zhao , Yao Guo , Zhen Li , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is a natural language grounding task where agents have to interpret natural language instructions in the context of visual scenes in a dynamic environment to achieve prescribed navigation goals.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Haoshuo Huang , Vihan Jain , Harsh Mehta , Jason Baldridge , Eugene Ie

The long-standing vision of intelligent cities is to create efficient, livable, and sustainable urban environments using big data and artificial intelligence technologies. Recently, the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jindong Han , Yansong Ning , Zirui Yuan , Hang Ni , Fan Liu , Tengfei Lyu , Hao Liu

Despite remarkable progress in Vision-Language Navigation (VLN), existing benchmarks remain confined to fixed, small-scale datasets with naive physical simulation. These shortcomings limit the insight that the benchmarks provide into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Sihao Lin , Zerui Li , Xunyi Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Liuyi Wang , Rong Wei , Rui Tang , Juncheng Li , Hanqing Wang , Jiangmiao Pang , Anton van den Hengel , Jiajun Liu , Qi Wu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated a wide range of capabilities across many domains, including Embodied AI. In this work, we study how to best ground a MLLM into different embodiments and their associated action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Andrew Szot , Bogdan Mazoure , Harsh Agrawal , Devon Hjelm , Zsolt Kira , Alexander Toshev

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown impressive results in sequential decision-making tasks. Meanwhile, Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged, exhibiting impressive capabilities in multimodal…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are evolving from passive observers into active agents, solving problems through Visual Expansion (invoking visual tools) and Knowledge Expansion (open-web search). However, existing evaluations fall…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Qianshan Wei , Yishan Yang , Siyi Wang , Jinglin Chen , Binyu Wang , Jiaming Wang , Shuang Chen , Zechen Li , Yang Shi , Yuqi Tang , Weining Wang , Yi Yu , Chaoyou Fu , Qi Li , Yi-Fan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable planning abilities across various domains, including robotics manipulation and navigation. While recent efforts in robotics have leveraged LLMs both for high-level and low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Harsh Singh , Rocktim Jyoti Das , Mingfei Han , Preslav Nakov , Ivan Laptev

Embodied scene understanding serves as the cornerstone for autonomous agents to perceive, interpret, and respond to open driving scenarios. Such understanding is typically founded upon Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Nevertheless, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Yunsong Zhou , Linyan Huang , Qingwen Bu , Jia Zeng , Tianyu Li , Hang Qiu , Hongzi Zhu , Minyi Guo , Yu Qiao , Hongyang Li

Large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved unprecedented breakthrough, showcasing remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, generation, and complex reasoning. This transformative potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hyun Jong Yang , Hyunsoo Kim , Hyeonho Noh , Seungnyun Kim , Byonghyo Shim

In the Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) task, the agent is required to navigate to a destination following a natural language instruction. While learning-based approaches have been a major solution to the task, they suffer from high…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhaohuan Zhan , Lisha Yu , Sijie Yu , Guang Tan