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As spiking neural networks (SNNs) are deployed increasingly in real-world efficiency critical applications, the security concerns in SNNs attract more attention. Currently, researchers have already demonstrated an SNN can be attacked with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Ling Liang , Kaidi Xu , Xing Hu , Lei Deng , Yuan Xie

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown advantages in computation and energy efficiency over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) thanks to their event-driven representations. SNNs also replace weight multiplications in ANNs with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yangfan Hu , Qian Zheng , Xudong Jiang , Gang Pan

The surge in interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) over the past decade has been driven almost exclusively by advances in Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). While ANNs set state-of-the-art performance for many previously intractable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Peter G. Stratton , Andrew Wabnitz , Chip Essam , Allen Cheung , Tara J. Hamilton

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), providing more realistic neuronal dynamics, have been shown to achieve performance comparable to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in several machine learning tasks. Information is processed as spikes within…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jiaqi Lin , Sen Lu , Malyaban Bal , Abhronil Sengupta

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are models for "realistic" neuronal computation, which makes them somehow different in scope from "ordinary" deep-learning models widely used in AI platforms nowadays. SNNs focus on timed latency (and possibly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zhen Yao , Elisabetta De Maria , Robert De Simone

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a class of network models capable of processing spatiotemporal information, with event-driven characteristics and energy efficiency advantages. Recently, directly trained SNNs have shown potential to match…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Huaxu He

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) represent the latest generation of neural computation, offering a brain-inspired alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Unlike ANNs, which depend on continuous-valued signals, SNNs…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Sales G. Aribe

While Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been gaining in popularity, it seems that the algorithms used to train them are not powerful enough to solve the same tasks as those tackled by classical Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). In this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Karen Adam

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) provide an energy-efficient alternative to a variety of artificial neural network (ANN) based AI applications. As the progress in neuromorphic computing with SNNs expands their use in applications, the problem…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Ozan Özdenizci , Robert Legenstein

Temporal processing is fundamental for both biological and artificial intelligence systems, as it enables the comprehension of dynamic environments and facilitates timely responses. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) excel in handling such data…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Chenxiang Ma , Xinyi Chen , Yanchen Li , Qu Yang , Yujie Wu , Guoqi Li , Gang Pan , Huajin Tang , Kay Chen Tan , Jibin Wu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired mathematical models with the ability to process information in the form of spikes. SNNs are expected to provide not only new machine-learning algorithms, but also energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Yusuke Sakemi , Kai Morino , Takashi Morie , Kazuyuki Aihara

Deep learning has revolutionized artificial intelligence (AI), achieving remarkable progress in fields such as computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing. Moreover, the recent success of large language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Yangfan Hu , Qian Zheng , Guoqi Li , Huajin Tang , Gang Pan

Spiking neural network (SNN) is interesting both theoretically and practically because of its strong bio-inspiration nature and potentially outstanding energy efficiency. Unfortunately, its development has fallen far behind the conventional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Shibo Zhou , Xiaohua LI , Ying Chen , Sanjeev T. Chandrasekaran , Arindam Sanyal

The success of deep learning in the past decade is partially shrouded in the shadow of adversarial attacks. In contrast, the brain is far more robust at complex cognitive tasks. Utilizing the advantage that neurons in the brain communicate…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-12 Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang , Jian K. Liu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), inspired by the spiking behavior of biological neurons, provide a unique pathway for capturing the intricacies of temporal data. However, applying SNNs to time-series forecasting is challenging due to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Changze Lv , Yansen Wang , Dongqi Han , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang , Dongsheng Li

Machine learning with artificial neural networks (ANNs), provides solutions for the growing complexity of modern communication systems. This complexity, however, increases power consumption, making the systems energy-intensive. Spiking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Eike-Manuel Edelmann

Inspired by more detailed modeling of biological neurons, Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been investigated both as more biologically plausible and potentially more powerful models of neural computation, and also with the aim of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Bojian Yin , Federico Corradi , Sander M. Bohte

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have garnered attention over recent years due to their increased energy efficiency and advantages in terms of operational complexity compared to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Two important…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Daniel Windhager , Lothar Ratschbacher , Bernhard A. Moser , Michael Lunglmayr

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as energy-efficient neural networks with temporal information. SNNs have shown a superior efficiency on neuromorphic devices, but the devices are susceptible to noise, which hinders them from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Seongsik Park , Dongjin Lee , Sungroh Yoon

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), recognized as the third generation of neural networks, are known for their bio-plausibility and energy efficiency, especially when implemented on neuromorphic hardware. However, the majority of existing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yi Jiang , Sen Lu , Abhronil Sengupta
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