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Large foundation models have shown strong open-world generalization to complex problems in vision and language, but similar levels of generalization have yet to be achieved in robotics. One fundamental challenge is that the models exhibit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Guoqing Ma , Siheng Wang , Zeyu Zhang , Shan Yu , Hao Tang

Amid growing efforts to leverage advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) for robotics, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently gained significant attention. By unifying vision, language, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Kento Kawaharazuka , Jihoon Oh , Jun Yamada , Ingmar Posner , Yuke Zhu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown significant potential in assisting medical diagnosis by leveraging extensive biomedical datasets. However, the advancement of medical image understanding and reasoning critically depends on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Guohao Sun , Can Qin , Huazhu Fu , Linwei Wang , Zhiqiang Tao

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in advancing robotic manipulation. However, previous approaches predominantly rely on the general comprehension capabilities of vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yuqi Wang , Xinghang Li , Wenxuan Wang , Junbo Zhang , Yingyan Li , Yuntao Chen , Xinlong Wang , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs typically rely on sparse action supervision, which underutilizes their powerful scene understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xiaodong Mei , Diankun Zhang , Hongwei Xie , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Dan Xu

Ensuring safety in autonomous driving systems remains a critical challenge, particularly in handling rare but potentially catastrophic safety-critical scenarios. While existing research has explored generating safety-critical scenarios for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Zihao Sheng , Zilin Huang , Yansong Qu , Yue Leng , Sruthi Bhavanam , Sikai Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong performance on embodied manipulation, yet they remain brittle under visual observation changes, paraphrased language instructions, and compounded perturbations. This limitation suggests…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jingzhou Luo , Yifan Wen , Yongjie Bai , Xinshuai Song , Yang Liu , Liang Lin

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in general visual understanding. However, their application to safety-critical driving scenarios remains limited by an inability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Tomaso Trinci , Henrique Piñeiro Monteagudo , Leonardo Taccari

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models with integrated reasoning have been proposed for end-to-end autonomous driving, assuming a tight coupling between reasoning and trajectory generation. However, the robustness of such systems under…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Mohammadreza Teymoorianfard , Jean-Philippe Monteuuis , Jonathan Petit , Amir Houmansadr

With the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Foundation Models (VFMs), multimodal AI systems benefiting from large models have the potential to equally perceive the real world, make decisions, and control tools as humans.…

Recently, LLM-powered driver agents have demonstrated considerable potential in the field of autonomous driving, showcasing human-like reasoning and decision-making abilities.However, current research on aligning driver agent behaviors with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ruoxuan Yang , Xinyue Zhang , Anais Fernandez-Laaksonen , Xin Ding , Jiangtao Gong

Visual-language reasoning, driving knowledge, and value alignment are essential for advanced autonomous driving systems. However, existing approaches largely rely on data-driven learning, making it difficult to capture the complex logic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zhongyu Xia , Wenhao Chen , Yongtao Wang , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Large policies pretrained on a combination of Internet-scale vision-language data and diverse robot demonstrations have the potential to change how we teach robots new skills: rather than training new behaviors from scratch, we can…

Current Vision-Language Model (VLM)-based end-to-end autonomous driving systems often leverage large language models to generate driving decisions directly based on their understanding of the current scene. However, such systems introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dacheng Liao , Mengshi Qi , Peng Shu , Zhining Zhang , Yuxin Lin , Liang Liu , Huadong Ma

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a powerful tool for integrating visual and textual information. Despite their exceptional performance on visual understanding benchmarks, measuring their ability to reason abstractly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Nilay Yilmaz , Maitreya Patel , Yiran Lawrence Luo , Tejas Gokhale , Chitta Baral , Suren Jayasuriya , Yezhou Yang

End-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving has recently attracted increasing interest in unifying Vision-Language-Action (VLA) with World Models to enhance decision-making and forward-looking imagination. However, existing methods fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Feiyang jia , Lin Liu , Ziying Song , Caiyan Jia , Hangjun Ye , Xiaoshuai Hao , Long Chen

Existing benchmarks for Vision-Language Model (VLM) on autonomous driving (AD) primarily assess interpretability through open-form visual question answering (QA) within coarse-grained tasks, which remain insufficient to assess capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Yue Li , Meng Tian , Zhenyu Lin , Jiangtong Zhu , Dechang Zhu , Haiqiang Liu , Zining Wang , Yueyi Zhang , Zhiwei Xiong , Xinhai Zhao

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising approach to address the data scarcity challenge in robotics, enabling the development of generalizable visuomotor control policies. While models like OpenVLA showcase the potential…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer promising capabilities for autonomous driving through multimodal understanding. However, their utilization in safety-critical scenarios is constrained by inherent limitations, including imprecise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yiru Wang , Zichong Gu , Yu Gao , Anqing Jiang , Zhigang Sun , Shuo Wang , Yuwen Heng , Hao Sun

Despite significant advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), current models still face substantial challenges in handling complex, multi-turn, and visually-grounded tasks that demand deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Seungmin Han , Haeun Kwon , Ji-jun Park , Taeyang Yoon