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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in understanding and generating human language, contributing to more natural interactions with complex systems. However, they face challenges such as ambiguity in user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Ana Davila , Jacinto Colan , Yasuhisa Hasegawa

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Question Answering (QA) is a task in natural language processing that has seen considerable growth after the advent of transformers. There has been a surge in QA datasets that have been proposed to challenge natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Kate Pearce , Tiffany Zhan , Aneesh Komanduri , Justin Zhan

Question answering systems (QA) utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) heavily depend on the retrieval component to provide them with domain-specific information and reduce the risk of generating inaccurate responses or hallucinations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ashkan Alinejad , Krtin Kumar , Ali Vahdat

Generating high-quality code remains a challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). For the evolution of reasoning models on this task, reward models are a necessary intermediate step. These models judge outcomes or intermediate steps.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Jan Niklas Groeneveld , Xi Qin , Alexander Schaefer , Yaad Oren

Our team participated in the BioASQ 2024 Task12b and Synergy tasks to build a system that can answer biomedical questions by retrieving relevant articles and snippets from the PubMed database and generating exact and ideal answers. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Wenxin Zhou , Thuy Hang Ngo

Language models have become effective at a wide range of tasks, from math problem solving to open-domain question answering. However, they still make mistakes, and these mistakes are often repeated across related queries. Natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Adar Avsian , Christopher Richardson , Anirudh Sundar , Larry Heck

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming scholarly tasks like search and summarization, but their reliability remains uncertain. Current evaluation metrics for testing LLM reliability are primarily automated approaches that prioritize…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Anna Martin-Boyle , William Humphreys , Martha Brown , Cara Leckey , Harmanpreet Kaur

We present 3 different question-answering models trained on the SQuAD2.0 dataset -- BIDAF, DocumentQA and ALBERT Retro-Reader -- demonstrating the improvement of language models in the past three years. Through our research in fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Marshall Ho , Zhipeng Zhou , Judith He

Large-scale conversational assistants like Alexa, Siri, Cortana and Google Assistant process every utterance using multiple models for domain, intent and named entity recognition. Given the decoupled nature of model development and large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Rakesh Chada , Pradeep Natarajan , Darshan Fofadiya , Prathap Ramachandra

Recent studies show that large language models (LLMs) struggle with technical standards in telecommunications. We propose a fine-tuned retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system based on the Phi-2 small language model (SLM) to serve as an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Omar Erak , Nouf Alabbasi , Omar Alhussein , Ismail Lotfi , Amr Hussein , Sami Muhaidat , Merouane Debbah

Scaling the test-time compute of large language models has demonstrated impressive performance on reasoning benchmarks. However, existing evaluations of test-time scaling make the strong assumption that a reasoning system should always give…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-21 William Jurayj , Jeffrey Cheng , Benjamin Van Durme

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance by following natural language instructions without fine-tuning them on domain-specific tasks and data. However, leveraging LLMs for domain-specific question answering…

Retrieval augmentation is critical when Language Models (LMs) exploit non-parametric knowledge related to the query through external knowledge bases before reasoning. The retrieved information is incorporated into LMs as context alongside…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Mingzhu Wang , Yuzhe Zhang , Qihang Zhao , Junyi Yang , Hong Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in various tasks. Whether LLMs are competitive few-shot solvers for information extraction (IE) tasks, however, remains an open problem. In this work, we aim to provide a thorough…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Yubo Ma , Yixin Cao , YongChing Hong , Aixin Sun

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning has become a cornerstone of related research, demonstrating the intelligence of these models and enabling potential practical applications through their advanced performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Kathrin Seßler , Yao Rong , Emek Gözlüklü , Enkelejda Kasneci

The exponential growth of online textual content across diverse domains has necessitated advanced methods for automated text classification. Large Language Models (LLMs) based on transformer architectures have shown significant success in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zhyar Rzgar K Rostam , Gábor Kertész

We classify and re-examine some of the current approaches to improve the performance-computes trade-off of language models, including (1) non-causal models (such as masked language models), (2) extension of batch length with efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Aran Komatsuzaki

Cellular networks, e.g., 4G/5G, rely on complex technical specifications to ensure correct functionality; however, these specifications often contain flaws or ambiguities. In this paper, we investigate the application of Large Language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jianshuo Dong , Yuanjie Li , Jun Liu , Hewu Li , Han Qiu

Large Language Models (LLM) continue to demonstrate their utility in a variety of emergent capabilities in different fields. An area that could benefit from effective language understanding in cybersecurity is the analysis of log files.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Egil Karlsen , Xiao Luo , Nur Zincir-Heywood , Malcolm Heywood