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Quantization enables efficient deployment of large language models (LLMs) in resource-constrained environments by significantly reducing memory and computation costs. While quantized LLMs often maintain performance on perplexity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yao Fu , Xianxuan Long , Runchao Li , Haotian Yu , Mu Sheng , Xiaotian Han , Yu Yin , Pan Li

Honeywords are fictitious passwords inserted into databases in order to identify password breaches. The major difficulty is how to produce honeywords that are difficult to distinguish from real passwords. Although the generation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Fangyi Yu , Miguel Vargas Martin

Cybersecurity incidents such as data breaches have become increasingly common, affecting millions of users and organizations worldwide. The complexity of cybersecurity threats challenges the effectiveness of existing security communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Carolina Carreira , Alexandra Mendes , João F. Ferreira , Nicolas Christin

With security threats increasing in frequency and severity, it is critical that we consider the important role of threat hunters. These highly-trained security professionals learn to see, identify, and intercept security threats. Many…

A cyber-attack is a malicious attempt by experienced hackers to breach the target information system. Usually, the cyber-attacks are characterized as hybrid TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures) and long-term adversarial behaviors,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Mingqi Lv , Chengyu Dong , Tieming Chen , Tiantian Zhu , Qijie Song , Yuan Fan

Reconnaissance activities precedent other attack steps in the cyber kill chain. Zero-day attacks exploit unknown vulnerabilities and give attackers the upper hand against conventional defenses. Honeypots have been used to deceive attackers…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Md Abu Sayed , Ahmed H. Anwar , Christopher Kiekintveld , Branislav Bosansky , Charles Kamhoua

While human factors in fraud have been studied by the HCI and security communities, most research has been directed to understanding either the victims' perspectives or prevention strategies, and not on fraudsters, their motivations and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Rajvardhan Oak , Zubair Shafiq

There has been much interest in quantum key distribution. Experimentally, quantum key distribution over 150 km of commercial Telecom fibers has been successfully performed. The crucial issue in quantum key distribution is its security.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Hoi-Kwong Lo , Xiongfeng Ma , Kai Chen

As social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter are becoming increasingly popular, a growing number of malicious attacks, such as phishing and malware, are exploiting them. Among these attacks, social botnets have sophisticated…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2012-07-26 Quanyan Zhu , Andrew Clark , Radha Poovendran , Tamer Basar

Honeypots are deception systems that emulate vulnerable services to collect threat intelligence. While deploying many honeypots increases the opportunity to observe attacker behaviour, in practise network and computational resources limit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Federico Mirra , Matteo Boffa , Idilio Drago , Danilo Giordano , Marco Mellia

We are not very good at measuring -- rigorously and quantitatively -- the cyber security of systems. Our ability to measure cyber resilience is even worse. And without measuring cyber resilience, we can neither improve it nor trust its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Alexander Kott , Igor Linkov

Honeyfiles are security assets designed to attract and detect intruders on compromised systems. Honeyfiles are a type of honeypot that mimic real, sensitive documents, creating the illusion of the presence of valuable data. Interaction with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 David D. Nguyen , David Liebowitz , Surya Nepal , Salil S. Kanhere , Sharif Abuadbba

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as interactive agents, open-ended human-AI interactions can involve deceptive behaviors with serious real-world consequences, yet existing evaluations remain largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yichen Wu , Qianqian Gao , Xudong Pan , Geng Hong , Min Yang

Research in logic encryption over the last decade has resulted in various techniques to prevent different security threats such as Trojan insertion, intellectual property leakage, and reverse engineering. However, there is little agreement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Yinghua Hu , Vivek V. Menon , Andrew Schmidt , Joshua Monson , Matthew French , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Networking, operating systems, and cybersecurity skills are exercised best in an authentic environment. Students work with real systems and tools in a lab environment and complete assigned tasks. Since all students typically receive the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Jan Vykopal , Valdemar Švábenský , Pavel Seda , Pavel Čeleda

Penetration testing refers to the process of simulating hacker attacks to evaluate the security of information systems . This study aims not only to clarify the theoretical foundations of penetration testing but also to explain and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Wei Zhang , Ju Xing , Xiaoqi Li

Binary code similarity analysis (BCSA) is a crucial research area in many fields such as cybersecurity. Specifically, function-level diffing tools are the most widely used in BCSA: they perform function matching one by one for evaluating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Zhijie Liu , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Liang Feng Zhang , Yutian Tang

Windows operating systems (OS) are ubiquitous in enterprise Information Technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) environments. Due to their widespread adoption and known vulnerabilities, they are often the primary targets of malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yan Lin Aung , Yee Loon Khoo , Davis Yang Zheng , Bryan Swee Duo , Sudipta Chattopadhyay , Jianying Zhou , Liming Lu , Weihan Goh

Email remains a central communication medium, yet its long-standing design and interface conventions continue to enable deceptive attacks. This research note presents a structured list of 42 email-based deception techniques, documented with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Maxime Veit , Mattia Mossano , Tobias Länge , Melanie Volkamer

Interactive technologies are getting closer to our bodies and permeate the infrastructure of our homes. While such technologies offer many benefits, they can also cause an initial feeling of unease in users. It is important for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Paweł W. Woźniak , Jakob Karolus , Florian Lang , Caroline Eckherth , Johannes Schöning , Yvonne Rogers , Jasmin Niess