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Few-shot prompting and step-by-step reasoning have enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in tackling complex tasks including code generation. In this paper, we introduce a prompt selection and augmentation algorithm…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-21 On Tai Wu , Frodo Kin Sun Chan , Zunhao Zhang , Yan Nei Law , Benny Drescher , Edmond Shiao Bun Lai

Large Language Models (LLMs) are one of the most promising developments in the field of artificial intelligence, and the software engineering community has readily noticed their potential role in the software development life-cycle.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Greta Dolcetti , Vincenzo Arceri , Eleonora Iotti , Sergio Maffeis , Agostino Cortesi , Enea Zaffanella

Following the widespread adoption of ChatGPT in early 2023, numerous studies reported that large language models (LLMs) can match or even surpass human performance in creative tasks. However, it remains unclear whether LLMs have become more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Jennifer Haase , Paul H. P. Hanel , Sebastian Pokutta

Code-generating Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential tools in modern software development, enhancing productivity and accelerating development. This paper aims to investigate the fine-tuning of code-generating LLMs using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Marina Sakharova , Abhinav Anand , Mira Mezini

We investigated whether large language models (LLMs) can develop data validation tests. We considered 96 conditions each for both GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, examining different prompt scenarios, learning modes, temperature settings, and roles. The…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive in-context learning (ICL) ability in code generation. LLMs take a prompt consisting of requirement-code examples and a new requirement as input, and output new programs. Existing studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jia Li , Ge Li , Chongyang Tao , Jia Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Fang Liu , Zhi Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly transformed software development, especially in code generation. However, their inconsistent performance, prone to hallucinations and quality issues, complicates program comprehension and hinders…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Antonio Della Porta , Stefano Lambiase , Fabio Palomba

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to generate codes on competitive programming tasks. However, with limited sample numbers, LLMs still suffer from poor accuracy. Inspired by the process of human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Kechi Zhang , Zhuo Li , Jia Li , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

Context. Nowadays, 83% of software developers use Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate code. LLMs recently became essential to increase the productivity of software developers and decrease the time and cost of software development.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Vlad-Andrei Cursaru , Laura Duits , Joel Milligan , Damla Ural , Berta Rodriguez Sanchez , Vincenzo Stoico , Ivano Malavolta

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various NLP tasks. Additionally, LLMs are also highly valuable in supporting software engineering tasks, particularly in the field of code generation. Automatic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Zhijie Liu , Yutian Tang , Xiapu Luo , Yuming Zhou , Liang Feng Zhang

The shift from cloud-hosted Large Language Models (LLMs) to locally deployed open-source Small Language Models (SLMs) has democratized AI-assisted coding; however, it has also decentralized the environmental footprint of AI. While prompting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Md Afif Al Mamun , Sayan Nath , Gias Uddin , Novarun Deb

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in general coding tasks but encounter two key challenges when optimizing code: (i) the complexity of writing optimized code (such as performant CUDA kernels and competition-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Jiefu Ou , Sapana Chaudhary , Kaj Bostrom , Nathaniel Weir , Shuai Zhang , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis

Large language models have gained significant traction and popularity in recent times, extending their usage to code-generation tasks. While this field has garnered considerable attention, the exploration of testing and evaluating the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fazle Rabbi , Zishuo Ding , Jinqiu Yang

Context: The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked significant interest in leveraging their capabilities for automating code review processes. Prior studies often focus on developing LLMs for code review automation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Chanathip Pornprasit , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn

Prompt engineering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks. However, lengthy prompts significantly increase computational complexity and economic costs. To address this issue, we study six prompt compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zheng Zhang , Jinyi Li , Yihuai Lan , Xiang Wang , Hao Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that have undergone extensive training using large datasets in order to understand and produce language that closely resembles that of humans. These models have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Alessio Buscemi

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code from natural language, but their performance is highly sensitive to prompt formulation. We propose a reinforcement-learning-based framework that models prompt refinement as a sequential…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ali Mohammadi Esfahani , Nafiseh Kahani , Samuel A. Ajila

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in code generation. The integration of Chain of Thought (CoT) reasoning can further boost their performance. However, current CoT methods often require manual writing or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Guang Yang , Yu Zhou , Xiang Chen , Xiangyu Zhang , Terry Yue Zhuo , Taolue Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have catalyzed an upsurge in automatic code generation, garnering significant attention for register transfer level (RTL) code generation. Despite the potential of RTL code generation with natural language, it…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Chenwei Xiong , Cheng Liu , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Large language models (LLMs) can often generate functionally correct code, but their ability to produce efficient implementations for performance-critical systems tasks remains limited. Existing code benchmarks mainly emphasize correctness…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Huihao Jing , Wenbin Hu , Haochen Shi , Hanyu Yang , Sirui Zhang , Shaojin Chen , Haoran Li , Yangqiu Song