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Transfer learning is an emerging paradigm for leveraging multiple sources to improve the statistical inference on a single target. In this paper, we propose a novel approach named residual importance weighted transfer learning (RIW-TL) for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-04 Junlong Zhao , Shengbin Zheng , Chenlei Leng

We address the problem of learning a ranking by using adaptively chosen pairwise comparisons. Our goal is to recover the ranking accurately but to sample the comparisons sparingly. If all comparison outcomes are consistent with the ranking,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-16 Lucas Maystre , Matthias Grossglauser

If you tell a learning model that you prefer an alternative $a$ over another alternative $b$, then you probably expect the model to be monotone, that is, the valuation of $a$ increases, and that of $b$ decreases. Yet, perhaps surprisingly,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Julien Fageot , Peva Blanchard , Gilles Bareilles , Lê-Nguyên Hoang

Recommender systems can automatically recommend users with items that they probably like. The goal of them is to model the user-item interaction by effectively representing the users and items. Existing methods have primarily learned the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Xue Dong , Xuemeng Song , Na Zheng , Yinwei Wei , Zhongzhou Zhao

Transfer-learning methods aim to improve performance in a data-scarce target domain using a model pretrained on a data-rich source domain. A cost-efficient strategy, linear probing, involves freezing the source model and training a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Utku Evci , Vincent Dumoulin , Hugo Larochelle , Michael C. Mozer

We propose a general framework for statistical inference on the overall strengths of players in pairwise comparisons, allowing for potential shifts in the covariate distribution. These covariates capture important contextual information…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-10 Xiudi Li , Sijia Li

In transfer learning, we wish to make inference about a target population when we have access to data both from the distribution itself, and from a different but related source distribution. We introduce a flexible framework for transfer…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-03 Henry W. J. Reeve , Timothy I. Cannings , Richard J. Samworth

We introduce a multiple criteria Bayesian preference learning framework incorporating behavioral cues for decision aiding. The framework integrates pairwise comparisons, response time, and attention duration to deepen insights into…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-22 Jiaxuan Jiang , Jiapeng Liu , Miłosz Kadziński , Xiuwu Liao , Jingyu Dong

The problem of estimating subjective visual properties from image and video has attracted increasing interest. A subjective visual property is useful either on its own (e.g. image and video interestingness) or as an intermediate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-28 Yanwei Fu , Timothy M. Hospedales , Tao Xiang , Jiechao Xiong , Shaogang Gong , Yizhou Wang , Yuan Yao

We consider the problem of aggregating pairwise comparisons to obtain a consensus ranking order over a collection of objects. We use the popular Bradley-Terry-Luce (BTL) model which allows us to probabilistically describe pairwise…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Mine Alsan , Ranjitha Prasad , Vincent Y. F. Tan

Transfer learning assumes classifiers of similar tasks share certain parameter structures. Unfortunately, modern classifiers uses sophisticated feature representations with huge parameter spaces which lead to costly transfer. Under the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-20 Song Liu , Kenji Fukumizu

Transfer learning is a machine learning paradigm where knowledge from one problem is utilized to solve a new but related problem. While conceivable that knowledge from one task could be useful for solving a related task, if not executed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Xuetong Wu , Jonathan H. Manton , Uwe Aickelin , Jingge Zhu

Recent AI trends seek to align AI models to learned human-centric objectives, such as personal preferences, utility, or societal values. Using standard preference elicitation methods, researchers and practitioners build models of human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Cyrus Cousins , Vijay Keswani , Vincent Conitzer , Hoda Heidari , Jana Schaich Borg , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

The widespread adoption of transfer learning has revolutionized machine learning by enabling efficient adaptation of pre-trained models to new domains. However, the reliability of these adaptations remains poorly understood, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Prabhav Singh , Jessica Sorrell

The Bradley-Terry-Luce (BTL) model is a classic and very popular statistical approach for eliciting a global ranking among a collection of items using pairwise comparison data. In applications in which the comparison outcomes are observed…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-30 Wanshan Li , Daren Wang , Alessandro Rinaldo

We describe a method for predicting a classification of an object given classifications of the objects in the training set, assuming that the pairs object/classification are generated by an i.i.d. process from a continuous probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Alex Gammerman , Volodya Vovk , Vladimir Vapnik

Transfer learning enhances prediction accuracy on a target distribution by leveraging data from a source distribution, demonstrating significant benefits in various applications. This paper introduces a novel dissimilarity measure that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-12 Mitsuhiro Fujikawa , Yohei Akimoto , Jun Sakuma , Kazuto Fukuchi

The standard way to evaluate language models on subjective tasks is through pairwise comparisons: an annotator chooses the "better" of two responses to a prompt. Leaderboards aggregate these comparisons into a single Bradley-Terry (BT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Hadi Khalaf , Serena L. Wang , Daniel Halpern , Itai Shapira , Flavio du Pin Calmon , Ariel D. Procaccia

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intent is critical for enhancing their performance across a variety of tasks. Standard alignment techniques, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), often rely on the binary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yuxiang Guo , Lu Yin , Bo Jiang , Jiaqi Zhang

The development of largely human-annotated benchmarks has driven the success of deep neural networks in various NLP tasks. To enhance the effectiveness of existing benchmarks, collecting new additional input-output pairs is often too costly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Jaehyung Kim , Jinwoo Shin , Dongyeop Kang