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Self-supervised models have had great success in learning speech representations that can generalize to various downstream tasks. However, most self-supervised models require a large amount of compute and multiple GPUs to train,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Tzu-Quan Lin , Hung-yi Lee , Hao Tang

Speech is the surface form of a finite set of phonetic units, which can be represented by discrete codes. We propose the Code BERT (CoBERT) approach for self-supervised speech representation learning. The idea is to convert an utterance to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Chutong Meng , Junyi Ao , Tom Ko , Mingxuan Wang , Haizhou Li

Recent advances in self-supervised speech models have shown significant improvement in many downstream tasks. However, these models predominantly centered on frame-level training objectives, which can fall short in spoken language…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Hung-Chieh Fang , Nai-Xuan Ye , Yi-Jen Shih , Puyuan Peng , Hsuan-Fu Wang , Layne Berry , Hung-yi Lee , David Harwath

Video recordings of speech contain correlated audio and visual information, providing a strong signal for speech representation learning from the speaker's lip movements and the produced sound. We introduce Audio-Visual Hidden Unit BERT…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-15 Bowen Shi , Wei-Ning Hsu , Kushal Lakhotia , Abdelrahman Mohamed

Increasing model size when pretraining natural language representations often results in improved performance on downstream tasks. However, at some point further model increases become harder due to GPU/TPU memory limitations and longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Zhenzhong Lan , Mingda Chen , Sebastian Goodman , Kevin Gimpel , Piyush Sharma , Radu Soricut

Inducing semantic representations directly from speech signals is a highly challenging task but has many useful applications in speech mining and spoken language understanding. This study tackles the unsupervised learning of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jian Zhu , Zuoyu Tian , Yadong Liu , Cong Zhang , Chia-wen Lo

For self-supervised speech processing, it is crucial to use pretrained models as speech representation extractors. In recent works, increasing the size of the model has been utilized in acoustic model training in order to achieve better…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-04 Po-Han Chi , Pei-Hung Chung , Tsung-Han Wu , Chun-Cheng Hsieh , Yen-Hao Chen , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has led to great strides in speech processing. However, the resources needed to train these models has become prohibitively large as they continue to scale. Currently, only a few groups with substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 William Chen , Xuankai Chang , Yifan Peng , Zhaoheng Ni , Soumi Maiti , Shinji Watanabe

Human language can be expressed in either written or spoken form, i.e. text or speech. Humans can acquire knowledge from text to improve speaking and listening. However, the quest for speech pre-trained models to leverage unpaired text has…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-06 Duo Ma , Xianghu Yue , Junyi Ao , Xiaoxue Gao , Haizhou Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) speech models such as wav2vec and HuBERT have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on automatic speech recognition (ASR) and proved to be extremely useful in low label-resource settings. However, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Weiwei Lin , Chenhang He , Man-Wai Mak , Youzhi Tu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has advanced speech processing. However, existing speech SSL methods typically assume a single sampling rate and struggle with mixed-rate data due to temporal resolution mismatch. To address this limitation,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zikang Huang , Meng Ge , Tianrui Wang , Xuanchen Li , Xiaobao Wang , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang

Self-supervised models for speech representation learning now see widespread use for their versatility and performance on downstream tasks, but the effect of model architecture on the linguistic information learned in their representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Robin Huo , Ewan Dunbar

Self-supervised models have revolutionized speech processing, achieving new levels of performance in a wide variety of tasks with limited resources. However, the inner workings of these models are still opaque. In this paper, we aim to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yassine El Kheir , Ahmed Ali , Shammur Absar Chowdhury

Historically lower-level tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speaker identification are the main focus in the speech field. Interest has been growing in higher-level spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks recently, like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Lin Yao , Jianfei Song , Ruizhuo Xu , Yingfang Yang , Zijian Chen , Yafeng Deng

Existing studies on self-supervised speech representation learning have focused on developing new training methods and applying pre-trained models for different applications. However, the quality of these models is often measured by the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-18 Alexander H. Liu , Sung-Lin Yeh , James Glass

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models have achieved considerable improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In addition, ASR performance could be further improved if the model is dedicated to audio content information learning…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-08 Genshun Wan , Tan Liu , Hang Chen , Jia Pan , Cong Liu , Zhongfu Ye

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has been able to leverage unlabeled data to boost the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) models when we have access to only a small amount of transcribed speech data. However, this raises the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Reem Gody , David Harwath

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has transformed speech processing, yet its reliance on massive pre-training datasets remains a bottleneck. While robustness is often attributed to scale and diversity, the role of the data distribution is less…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ryan Whetten , Titouan Parcollet , Marco Dinarelli , Yannick Estève

Data-driven unit discovery in self-supervised learning (SSL) of speech has embarked on a new era of spoken language processing. Yet, the discovered units often remain in phonetic space and the units beyond phonemes are largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Cheol Jun Cho , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Shang-Wen Li , Alan W Black , Gopala K. Anumanchipalli

Large-scale speech self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged to the main field of speech processing, however, the problem of computational cost arising from its vast size makes a high entry barrier to academia. In addition, existing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-04 Yeonghyeon Lee , Kangwook Jang , Jahyun Goo , Youngmoon Jung , Hoirin Kim