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With the widespread adoption of deep learning in visual tasks, Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) has become an important paradigm for handling dynamically evolving data distributions. However, CIL faces the core challenge of catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jinge Ma , Fengqing Zhu

Autonomous agents such as indoor drones must learn new object classes in real-time while limiting catastrophic forgetting, motivating Class-Incremental Learning (CIL). However, most unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) datasets focus on outdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sebastian-Ion Nae , Mihai-Eugen Barbu , Sebastian Mocanu , Marius Leordeanu

Continual learning (CL) is crucial for evaluating adaptability in learning solutions to retain knowledge. Our research addresses the challenge of catastrophic forgetting, where models lose proficiency in previously learned tasks as they…

In our ever-evolving world, new data exhibits a long-tailed distribution, such as e-commerce platform reviews. This necessitates continuous model learning imbalanced data without forgetting, addressing the challenge of long-tailed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zhi-Hong Qi , Da-Wei Zhou , Yiran Yao , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Class-incremental learning (CIL) is typically evaluated under predefined schedules with equal-sized tasks, leaving more realistic and complex cases unexplored. However, a practical CIL system should learns immediately when any number of new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhiming Xu , Baile Xu , Jian Zhao , Furao Shen , Suorong Yang

The dynamic ensemble selection of classifiers is an effective approach for processing label-imbalanced data classifications. However, such a technique is prone to overfitting, owing to the lack of regularization methods and the dependence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Chen Wang , Chengyuan Deng , Zhoulu Yu , Dafeng Hui , Xiaofeng Gong , Ruisen Luo

In today's connected world, the generation of massive streaming data across diverse domains has become commonplace. In the presence of concept drift, class imbalance, label scarcity, and new class emergence, they jointly degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jin Li , Kleanthis Malialis , Marios Polycarpou

Class-imbalanced learning (CIL) on tabular data is important in many real-world applications where the minority class holds the critical but rare outcomes. In this paper, we present CLIMB, a comprehensive benchmark for class-imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhining Liu , Zihao Li , Ze Yang , Tianxin Wei , Jian Kang , Yada Zhu , Hendrik Hamann , Jingrui He , Hanghang Tong

Many robotics applications require alignment and fusion of observations obtained at multiple views to form a global model of the environment. Multi-way data association methods provide a mechanism to improve alignment accuracy of pairwise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Kaveh Fathian , Kasra Khosoussi , Yulun Tian , Parker Lusk , Jonathan P. How

Incremental Learning (IL) is useful when artificial systems need to deal with streams of data and do not have access to all data at all times. The most challenging setting requires a constant complexity of the deep model and an incremental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Eden Belouadah , Adrian Popescu , Ioannis Kanellos

With the development of large language models, their ability to follow simple instructions has significantly improved. However, adhering to complex instructions remains a major challenge. Current approaches to generating complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Wei Liu , Yancheng He , Hui Huang , Chengwei Hu , Jiaheng Liu , Shilong Li , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Federated active learning (FAL) seeks to reduce annotation cost under privacy constraints, yet its effectiveness degrades in realistic settings with severe global class imbalance and highly heterogeneous clients. We conduct a systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Chen-Chen Zong , Sheng-Jun Huang

Class-incremental learning (CIL) enables models to learn new classes continually without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Multi-label CIL (MLCIL) extends CIL to a real-world scenario where each sample may belong to multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xiang Zhang , Run He , Jiao Chen , Di Fang , Ming Li , Ziqian Zeng , Cen Chen , Huiping Zhuang

Modern systems that rely on Machine Learning (ML) for predictive modelling, may suffer from the cold-start problem: supervised models work well but, initially, there are no labels, which are costly or slow to obtain. This problem is even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Ricardo Barata , Miguel Leite , Ricardo Pacheco , Marco O. P. Sampaio , João Tiago Ascensão , Pedro Bizarro

Imbalanced problems are prevalent in various real-world scenarios and are extensively explored in classification tasks. However, they also present challenges for regression tasks due to the rarity of certain target values. A common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Juscimara G. Avelino , George D. C. Cavalcanti , Rafael M. O. Cruz

Continual learning (CL) is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) in dynamic real-world environments without the need for costly retraining. Recent model merging-based methods have attracted significant attention, but they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yujie Feng , Jian Li , Xiaoyu Dong , Pengfei Xu , Xiaohui Zhou , Yujia Zhang , Zexin LU , Yasha Wang , Alan Zhao , Xu Chu , Xiao-Ming Wu

Artificial intelligence (AI) and neuroscience share a rich history, with advancements in neuroscience shaping the development of AI systems capable of human-like knowledge retention. Leveraging insights from neuroscience and existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hikmat Khan , Nidhal Carla Bouaynaya , Ghulam Rasool

This paper studies class incremental learning (CIL) of continual learning (CL). Many approaches have been proposed to deal with catastrophic forgetting (CF) in CIL. Most methods incrementally construct a single classifier for all classes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Gyuhak Kim , Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

Class incremental learning consists in training discriminative models to classify an increasing number of classes over time. However, doing so using only the newly added class data leads to the known problem of catastrophic forgetting of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Quentin Ferdinand , Gilles Le Chenadec , Benoit Clement , Panagiotis Papadakis , Quentin Oliveau

Catastrophic forgetting means that a trained neural network model gradually forgets the previously learned tasks when being retrained on new tasks. Overcoming the forgetting problem is a major problem in machine learning. Numerous continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Yujiang He , Bernhard Sick