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Open source software (OSS) forms the backbone of industrial data workflows and enterprise systems. However, many OSS projects face operational risks due to informal or centralized governance. This paper presents a practical case study of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Pedro Oliveira , Doris Amoakohene , Toby Hocking , Marco Gerosa , Igor Steinmacher

Software engineers regularly use JavaScript and Python for both front-end and back-end automation tasks. On top of JavaScript and Python, there are several frameworks to facilitate automation tasks further. Some of these frameworks are Node…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Berkay Kaplan , Jingyu Qian

In recent years, open-source software (OSS) has become increasingly prevalent in developing software products. While OSS documentation is the primary source of information provided by the developers' community about a product, its role in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Aaron Imani , Shiva Radmanesh , Iftekhar Ahmed , Mohammad Moshirpour

Knowing what sensitive resources a dependency could potentially access would help developers assess the risk of a dependency before selection. One way to get an understanding of the potential sensitive resource usage by a dependency is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Imranur Rahman , Ranidya Paramitha , Henrik Plate , Dominik Wermke , Laurie Williams

The increasing amount of available data, computing power, and the constant pursuit for higher performance results in the growing complexity of predictive models. Their black-box nature leads to opaqueness debt phenomenon inflicting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Hubert Baniecki , Wojciech Kretowicz , Piotr Piatyszek , Jakub Wisniewski , Przemyslaw Biecek

In application software, the satisfaction of target users makes the software more acceptable. Open Source Software (OSS) systems have neither the physical nor the commercial boundaries of proprietary software, thus users from all over the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-07-27 Arif Raza , Luiz Fernando Capretz

Malicious Python packages make software supply chains vulnerable by exploiting trust in open-source repositories like Python Package Index (PyPI). Lack of real-time behavioral monitoring makes metadata inspection and static code analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sk Tanzir Mehedi , Chadni Islam , Gowri Ramachandran , Raja Jurdak

The fact that the number of users of open source software (OSS) is practically un-limited and that ultimately the software quality is determined by end users experience, makes the usability an even more critical quality attribute than it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-07-27 Arif Raza , Luiz Fernando Capretz

Context: Interest in diversity in software development has significantly increased in recent years. Reporting on diversity in software projects can enhance user trust and assist regulators in evaluating adoption. Recent AI directives…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Joan Giner-Miguelez , Sergio Morales , Sergio Cobos , Javier Luis Canovas Izquierdo , Robert Clariso , Jordi Cabot

Generative AI is changing how software is produced and used. In vibe coding, an AI agent builds software by selecting and assembling open-source software (OSS), often without users directly reading documentation, reporting bugs, or…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-23 Miklós Koren , Gábor Békés , Julian Hinz , Aaron Lohmann

Dependency bloat is a persistent challenge in Python projects, which increases maintenance costs and security risks. While numerous tools exist for detecting unused dependencies in Python, removing these dependencies across the source code…

Open-source software (OSS) is a critical part of the software supply chain. Recent social engineering attacks against OSS development teams have enabled attackers to become code contributors and later inject malicious code or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Luiz Giovanini , Daniela Oliveira , Huascar Sanchez , Deborah Shands

Python has become a dominant programming language for emerging areas like Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and Data Science (DS). An attractive feature of Python is that it provides easy-to-use programming interface while allowing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Nawras Alnaasan , Arpan Jain , Aamir Shafi , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar K Panda

Several Open Source Software (OSS) projects depend on the continuity of their development communities to remain sustainable. Understanding how developers become inactive or why they take breaks can help communities prevent abandonment and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Fabio Calefato , Marco Aurelio Gerosa , Giuseppe Iaffaldano , Filippo Lanubile , Igor Steinmacher

Software applications integrate more and more open-source software (OSS) to benefit from code reuse. As a drawback, each vulnerability discovered in bundled OSS potentially affects the application. Upon the disclosure of every new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Henrik Plate , Serena Elisa Ponta , Antonino Sabetta

Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) communities' sustainability, meaning to remain operational without signs of weakening or interruptions to its development, is fundamental for the resilience and continuity of society's digital…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Adam Alami , Steffan Klockmann , Lasse Rehder Sørensen , Raúl Pardo , Johan Linåker

Software quality assurance has been a heated topic for several decades, but relatively few analyses were performed on open source software (OSS). As OSS has become very popular in our daily life, many researchers have been keen on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-07-27 Jie Xu , Luiz Fernando Capretz , Danny Ho

With the climate crisis looming, engineering sustainable software systems become crucial to optimize resource utilization, minimize environmental impact, and foster a greener, more resilient digital ecosystem. For developers, getting access…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Priyavanshi Pathania , Rohit Mehra , Vibhu Saujanya Sharma , Vikrant Kaulgud , Sanjay Podder , Adam P. Burden

This study aims to enhance the maintainability of code generated by Large Language Models (LLMs), with a focus on the Python programming language. As the use of LLMs for coding assistance grows, so do concerns about the maintainability of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Karthik Shivashankar , Antonio Martini

A sound Decision-Making (DM) process is key to the successful governance of software projects. In many Open Source Software Development (OSSD) communities, DM processes lie buried amongst vast amounts of publicly available data. Hidden…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Pankajeshwara Nand Sharma , Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu , Nigel Stanger