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Warning: This paper contains examples of harmful language and images. Reader discretion is advised. Recently, vision-language models have demonstrated increasing influence in morally sensitive domains such as autonomous driving and medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xiao Lin , Zhining Liu , Ze Yang , Gaotang Li , Ruizhong Qiu , Shuke Wang , Hui Liu , Haotian Li , Sumit Keswani , Vishwa Pardeshi , Huijun Zhao , Wei Fan , Hanghang Tong

Generative large language models present significant potential but also raise critical ethical concerns, including issues of safety, fairness, robustness, and reliability. Most existing ethical studies, however, are limited by their narrow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yıldırım Özen , Burak Erinç Çetin , Kaan Engür , Elif Naz Demiryılmaz , Cagri Toraman

In the burgeoning field of large language models (LLMs), the assessment of fundamental knowledge remains a critical challenge, particularly for models tailored to Chinese language and culture. This paper introduces FoundaBench, a pioneering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Wei Li , Ren Ma , Jiang Wu , Chenya Gu , Jiahui Peng , Jinyang Len , Songyang Zhang , Hang Yan , Dahua Lin , Conghui He

Large language models (LLMs) are expected to offer structured Markdown responses for the sake of readability in web chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT). Although there are a myriad of metrics to evaluate LLMs, they fail to evaluate the readability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhongpu Chen , Yinfeng Liu , Long Shi , Xingyan Chen , Yu Zhao , Fuji Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to daily life, especially advancing as intelligent assistants through on-device deployment on smartphones. However, existing LLM evaluation benchmarks predominantly focus on objective tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Xudong Lu , Haohao Gao , Renshou Wu , Shuai Ren , Xiaoxin Chen , Hongsheng Li , Fangyuan Li

Aligning language models with human values is crucial, especially as they become more integrated into everyday life. While models are often adapted to user preferences, it is equally important to ensure they align with moral norms and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Thibaud Leteno , Irina Proskurina , Antoine Gourru , Julien Velcin , Charlotte Laclau , Guillaume Metzler , Christophe Gravier

Biomedical language understanding benchmarks are the driving forces for artificial intelligence applications with large language model (LLM) back-ends. However, most current benchmarks: (a) are limited to English which makes it challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Wei Zhu , Xiaoling Wang , Huanran Zheng , Mosha Chen , Buzhou Tang

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely studied by researchers for their roles in various downstream NLP tasks. As a fundamental task in the NLP field, Chinese Grammatical Error Correction (CGEC) aims to correct all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Yinghui Li , Shang Qin , Haojing Huang , Yangning Li , Libo Qin , Xuming Hu , Wenhao Jiang , Hai-Tao Zheng , Philip S. Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used not only to generate text but also to evaluate it, raising urgent questions about whether their judgments are consistent, unbiased, and robust to framing effects. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Federico Germani , Giovanni Spitale

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on various NLP tasks, yet their potential in more challenging and domain-specific task, such as finance, has not been fully explored. In this paper, we present CFinBench: a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ying Nie , Binwei Yan , Tianyu Guo , Hao Liu , Haoyu Wang , Wei He , Binfan Zheng , Weihao Wang , Qiang Li , Weijian Sun , Yunhe Wang , Dacheng Tao

Large-scale language models (LLMs) has shown remarkable capability in various of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks and attracted lots of attention recently. However, some studies indicated that large language models fail to achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Fanyi Qu , Chenming Tang , Yunfang Wu

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit expert-level performance in tasks across a wide range of different domains. Ethical issues raised by LLMs and the need to align future versions makes it important to know how state of the art models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Guilherme F. C. F. Almeida , José Luiz Nunes , Neele Engelmann , Alex Wiegmann , Marcelo de Araújo

In light of recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs) that have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP), there is an urgent need for new benchmarks to keep pace with the fast development of LLMs. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Jie Zhu , Junhui Li , Yalong Wen , Lifan Guo

People increasingly rely on Large Language Models (LLMs) for moral advice, which may influence humans' decisions. Yet, little is known about how closely LLMs align with human moral judgments. To address this, we introduce the Moral Dilemma…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Giuseppe Russo , Debora Nozza , Paul Röttger , Dirk Hovy

The recently unprecedented advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled the medical community by establishing advanced medical-domain models. However, due to the limited collection of medical datasets, there are only a few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Ping Yu , Kaitao Song , Fengchen He , Ming Chen , Jianfeng Lu

Making moral judgments is an essential step toward developing ethical AI systems. Prevalent approaches are mostly implemented in a bottom-up manner, which uses a large set of annotated data to train models based on crowd-sourced opinions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jingyan Zhou , Minda Hu , Junan Li , Xiaoying Zhang , Xixin Wu , Irwin King , Helen Meng

New LLM evaluation benchmarks are important to align with the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we present Chinese SimpleQA, the first comprehensive Chinese benchmark to evaluate the factuality ability of…

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are prone to generate hallucinations, i.e., content that conflicts with the source or cannot be verified by the factual knowledge. To understand what types of content and to which extent LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Junyi Li , Xiaoxue Cheng , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen

Moral foundation detection is crucial for analyzing social discourse and developing ethically-aligned AI systems. While large language models excel across diverse tasks, their performance on specialized moral reasoning remains unclear. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Maciej Skorski , Alina Landowska

The recent rise in popularity of large language models (LLMs) has prompted considerable concerns about their moral capabilities. Although considerable effort has been dedicated to aligning LLMs with human moral values, existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Alessio Galatolo , Luca Alberto Rappuoli , Katie Winkle , Meriem Beloucif