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The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) across various regions underscores the urgent need to evaluate their alignment with human values. Current benchmarks, however, fall short of effectively uncovering safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Kexin Huang , Xiangyang Liu , Qianyu Guo , Tianxiang Sun , Jiawei Sun , Yaru Wang , Zeyang Zhou , Yixu Wang , Yan Teng , Xipeng Qiu , Yingchun Wang , Dahua Lin

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to various NLP tasks, their inherent biases are gradually disclosed. Therefore, measuring biases in LLMs is crucial to mitigate its ethical risks. However, most existing bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Tian Lan , Xiangdong Su , Xu Liu , Ruirui Wang , Ke Chang , Jiang Li , Guanglai Gao

Chinese essay writing and its evaluation are critical in educational contexts, yet the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in this domain remain largely underexplored. Existing benchmarks often rely on coarse-grained text quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Fan Gao , Dongyuan Li , Ding Xia , Fei Mi , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Baojun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to transform healthcare under China's Healthy China 2030 initiative, yet they introduce new ethical and patient-safety challenges. We present a novel 12,000-item Q&A benchmark covering 11 ethics and 9…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Mouxiao Bian , Rongzhao Zhang , Chao Ding , Xinwei Peng , Jie Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are possessed of numerous beneficial capabilities, yet their potential inclination harbors unpredictable risks that may materialize in the future. We hence propose CRiskEval, a Chinese dataset meticulously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Ling Shi , Deyi Xiong

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in cognitive and reasoning benchmarks, they exhibit a persistent deficit in anthropomorphic intelligence-the capacity to navigate complex social, emotional, and ethical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jiaxin Liu , Peiyi Tu , Wenyu Chen , Yihong Zhuang , Xinxia Ling , Anji Zhou , Chenxi Wang , Zhuo Han , Zhengkai Yang , Junbo Zhao , Zenan Huang , Yuanyuan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel on general-purpose NLP benchmarks, yet their capabilities in specialized domains remain underexplored. In e-commerce, existing evaluations-such as EcomInstruct, ChineseEcomQA, eCeLLM, and Shopping…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shuyi Xie , Ziqin Liew , Hailing Zhang , Haibo Zhang , Ling Hu , Zhiqiang Zhou , Shuman Liu , Anxiang Zeng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various applications, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive safety evaluations. In particular, the enhanced Chinese language proficiency of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Shuyi Liu , Simiao Cui , Haoran Bu , Yuming Shang , Xi Zhang

Moral reasoning is a complex cognitive process shaped by individual experiences and cultural contexts and presents unique challenges for computational analysis. While natural language processing (NLP) offers promising tools for studying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Shivani Kumar , David Jurgens

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in multilingual and multicultural environments where moral reasoning is essential for generating ethically appropriate responses. Yet, the dominant pretraining of LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sualeha Farid , Jayden Lin , Zean Chen , Shivani Kumar , David Jurgens

Recent advances in large language models have enabled their application to a range of healthcare tasks. However, aligning LLMs with the nuanced demands of medical ethics, especially under complex real world scenarios, remains underexplored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Haoan Jin , Han Ying , Jiacheng Ji , Hanhui Xu , Mengyue Wu

Large language models are increasingly influencing human moral decisions, yet current approaches focus primarily on evaluating rather than actively steering their moral decisions. We formulate this as an out-of-distribution moral alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhiyu An , Wan Du

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have established them as powerful tools across numerous domains. However, persistent concerns about embedded biases, such as gender, racial, and cultural biases arising from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Hadi Mohammadi , Yasmeen F. S. S. Meijer , Efthymia Papadopoulou , Ayoub Bagheri

This study explores computational approaches for measuring moral foundations (MFs) in non-English corpora. Since most resources are developed primarily for English, cross-linguistic applications of moral foundation theory remain limited.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Calvin Yixiang Cheng , Scott A Hale

The effective assessment of the instruction-following ability of large language models (LLMs) is of paramount importance. A model that cannot adhere to human instructions might be not able to provide reliable and helpful responses. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yimin Jing , Renren Jin , Jiahao Hu , Huishi Qiu , Xiaohua Wang , Peng Wang , Deyi Xiong

The emergence of various medical large language models (LLMs) in the medical domain has highlighted the need for unified evaluation standards, as manual evaluation of LLMs proves to be time-consuming and labor-intensive. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yan Cai , Linlin Wang , Ye Wang , Gerard de Melo , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Liang He

Large language models (LLMs) have performed remarkably well in various natural language processing tasks by benchmarking, including in the Western medical domain. However, the professional evaluation benchmarks for LLMs have yet to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Wenjing Yue , Xiaoling Wang , Wei Zhu , Ming Guan , Huanran Zheng , Pengfei Wang , Changzhi Sun , Xin Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a possibility to make a great breakthrough in medicine. The establishment of a standardized medical benchmark becomes a fundamental cornerstone to measure progression. However, medical environments in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Xidong Wang , Guiming Hardy Chen , Dingjie Song , Zhiyi Zhang , Zhihong Chen , Qingying Xiao , Feng Jiang , Jianquan Li , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang , Haizhou Li

Recently, computer scientists have developed large language models (LLMs) by training prediction models with large-scale language corpora and human reinforcements. The LLMs have become one promising way to implement artificial intelligence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hyemin Han

Moral competence is the ability to act in accordance with moral principles. As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in situations demanding moral competence, there is increasing interest in evaluating this ability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Daniel Kilov , Caroline Hendy , Secil Yanik Guyot , Aaron J. Snoswell , Seth Lazar