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Traffic flow forecasting is a crucial task in transportation management and planning. The main challenges for traffic flow forecasting are that (1) as the length of prediction time increases, the accuracy of prediction will decrease; (2)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Jianli Xiao , Baichao Long

The versatility of self-attention mechanism earned transformers great success in almost all data modalities, with limitations on the quadratic complexity and difficulty of training. To apply transformers across different data modalities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Viet Anh Nguyen , Minh Lenhat , Khoa Nguyen , Duong Duc Hieu , Dao Huu Hung , Truong Son Hy

In the context of increasing demands for long-term multi-energy load forecasting in real-world applications, this paper introduces Patchformer, a novel model that integrates patch embedding with encoder-decoder Transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Qiuyi Hong , Fanlin Meng , Felipe Maldonado

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate large amounts of knowledge and take enormous amounts of compute to train. We make use of this resource, together with the observation that LLMs are able to transfer knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Malcolm L. Wolff , Shenghao Yang , Kari Torkkola , Michael W. Mahoney

Recently, Transformer-base models have made significant progress in the field of time series prediction which have achieved good results and become baseline models beyond Dlinear. The paper proposes an U-Net time series prediction model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Li Chu , Xiao Bingjia , Yuan Qiping

Decoding in a Transformer based language model is inherently sequential as a token's embedding needs to pass through all the layers in the network before the generation of the next token can begin. In this work, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Dylan Cutler , Arun Kandoor , Nishanth Dikkala , Nikunj Saunshi , Xin Wang , Rina Panigrahy

Transformer based models have shown remarkable capabilities in sequence learning across a wide range of tasks, often performing well on specific task by leveraging input-output examples. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yifan Hao , Chenlu Ye , Chi Han , Tong Zhang

Time series forecasting is crucial for applications across multiple domains and various scenarios. Although Transformer models have dramatically advanced the landscape of forecasting, their effectiveness remains debated. Recent findings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Dongbin Kim , Jinseong Park , Jaewook Lee , Hoki Kim

Sequence classification is essential in NLP for understanding and categorizing language patterns in tasks like sentiment analysis, intent detection, and topic classification. Transformer-based models, despite achieving state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hongbo Liu , Jia Xu

In this work we propose for the first time a transformer-based framework for unsupervised representation learning of multivariate time series. Pre-trained models can be potentially used for downstream tasks such as regression and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 George Zerveas , Srideepika Jayaraman , Dhaval Patel , Anuradha Bhamidipaty , Carsten Eickhoff

Large Transformer models routinely achieve state-of-the-art results on a number of tasks but training these models can be prohibitively costly, especially on long sequences. We introduce two techniques to improve the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Nikita Kitaev , Łukasz Kaiser , Anselm Levskaya

The real-time crash likelihood prediction model is an essential component of the proactive traffic safety management system. Over the years, numerous studies have attempted to construct a crash likelihood prediction model in order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 B M Tazbiul Hassan Anik , Zubayer Islam , Mohamed Abdel-Aty

Transformers have been actively studied for time-series forecasting in recent years. While often showing promising results in various scenarios, traditional Transformers are not designed to fully exploit the characteristics of time-series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Gerald Woo , Chenghao Liu , Doyen Sahoo , Akshat Kumar , Steven Hoi

Downsampling-based methods for time series forecasting have attracted increasing attention due to their superiority in capturing sequence trends. However, this approaches mainly capture dependencies within subsequences but neglect…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhangyao Song , Nanqing Jiang , Miaohong He , Xiaoyu Zhao , Tao Guo

Sequential user modeling, a critical task in personalized recommender systems, focuses on predicting the next item a user would prefer, requiring a deep understanding of user behavior sequences. Despite the remarkable success of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Hao Wang , Jianxun Lian , Mingqi Wu , Haoxuan Li , Jiajun Fan , Wanyue Xu , Chaozhuo Li , Xing Xie

Multivariate long-term time series forecasting aims to predict future sequences by utilizing historical observations, with a core focus on modeling intra-sequence and cross-channel dependencies. Numerous studies have developed diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Gaoxiang Zhao , Chunmao Huang , Li Zhou , Xiaoqiang Wang

When solving forecasting problems including multiple time-series features, existing approaches often fall into two extreme categories, depending on whether to utilize inter-feature information: univariate and complete-multivariate models.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jaehoon Lee , Hankook Lee , Sungik Choi , Sungjun Cho , Moontae Lee

Providing reliable predictive maintenance is a critical industrial AI service essential for ensuring the high availability of manufacturing devices. Existing deep-learning methods present competitive results on such tasks but lack a general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jiahui Zhou , Dan Li , Ruibing Jin , Jian Lou , Yanran Zhao , Zhenghua Chen , Zigui Jiang , See-Kiong Ng

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, long short term memory (LSTM), one kind of recurrent neural network (RNN), has been widely applied in time series prediction. Like RNN, Transformer is designed to handle the sequential…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-21 Paul Bilokon , Yitao Qiu

Traffic forecasting represents a crucial problem within intelligent transportation systems. In recent research, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising method, but their intrinsic design, tailored primarily for sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Hyotaek Jeon , Hyunwook Lee , Juwon Kim , Sungahn Ko