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We present a method for simultaneously measuring the phase fronts of three or more RF fields using thermal Rydberg atoms. We demonstrate this method using an all-dielectric atomic electrometer acting in a heterodyne configuration to detect…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Alexander Gill , Aaron Buikema , Stephen Sirisky , Hannah Clevenson

Leveraging the strong atom-light interaction, a Rydberg atomic receiver can measure radio waves with extreme sensitivity. Existing research primarily focuses on improving the signal detection capability of atomic receivers, while…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Mingyao Cui , Qunsong Zeng , Kaibin Huang

This study demonstrates a significant enhancement in ultra-low-frequency (ULF) electric field sensitivity using Rydberg atoms via an optical chopping amplification (OCA) technique. Conventional Rydberg-based ULF measurements are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Yipeng Xie , Mingwei Lei , Wenbo Dong , Meng Shi

We investigate the use of a split-ring resonator (SRR) incorporated with an atomic-vapor cell to improve the sensitivity and the minimal detectable electric (E) field of Rydberg atom-based sensors. In this approach, a sub-wavelength SRR is…

Atomic-scale imaging offers a reliable tool to directly measure the movement of microscopic particles. We present a scheme for achieving a nondestructive and ultrasensitive imaging of Rydberg atoms within an ensemble of cold probe atoms.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Xiaoguang Huo , J. F. Chen , Jing Qian , Weiping Zhang

The highly sensitive, phase- and frequency-resolved detection of microwave electric fields is of central importance for diverse fields ranging from astronomy, remote sensing, communication and microwave quantum technology. However, present…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Mingyong Jing , Ying Hu , Jie Ma , Hao Zhang , Linjie Zhang , Liantuan Xiao , Suotang Jia

The Rydberg-based microwave detection is an all-optical technology that uses the strong coherent interaction between Rydberg atoms and microwave field. Different from the traditional microwave meter, the Rydberg atomic sensing is a new-type…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Xue Jingjing , Li Ruonan , Hu Xuesong , Sun Peisheng , Zhou Haitao , Zang Junxiang

We present enhanced sensing of radio frequency (RF) electric fields (E-fields) by the combined polarizability of Rydberg atoms and the optimized local oscillator (LO) fields of supergheterodyne receiving. Our modified theoretical model…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-01-04 Wenguang Yang , Minyong Jing , Hao Zhang , Linjie Zhang , Liantuan Xiao , Suotang Jia

Rydberg microwave (MW) sensors are superior to conventional antenna-based techniques because of their wide operating frequency range and outstanding potential sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate a Rydberg microwave receiver with a high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-08 Bowen Yang , Yuhan Yan , Xuejie Li , Ling Xiao , Xiaolin Li , L. Q. Chen , Jianliao Deng , Huadong Cheng

The significant progress of quantum sensing technologies offer numerous radical solutions for measuring a multitude of physical quantities at an unprecedented precision. Among them, Rydberg atomic quantum receivers (RAQRs) emerge as an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Tierui Gong , Jiaming Sun , Chau Yuen , Guangwei Hu , Yufei Zhao , Yong Liang Guan , Chong Meng Samson See , Mérouane Debbah , Lajos Hanzo

Developing frequency combs spectral technologies has potential applications and prospects in the wide fields of cosmology, meteorology, and microwave measurement. Here, we demonstrate a Rydberg microwave frequency comb spectrometer via…

Rydberg atoms, with their giant electric dipole moments and tunable energy-level transitions, offer exceptional potential for microwave (MW) electric field sensing, combining high sensitivity and broad frequency coverage. However,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Yuhan Yan , Bowen Yang , Xuejie Li , Haojie Zhao , Binghong Yu , Jianliao Deng , L. Q. Chen , Huadong Cheng

Rydberg atomic quantum receivers exhibit great potential in assisting classical wireless communications due to their outstanding advantages in detecting radio frequency signals. To realize this potential, we integrate a Rydberg atomic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Tierui Gong , Chau Yuen , Chong Meng Samson See , Mérouane Debbah , Lajos Hanzo

Helium atoms in the 1s50s $^3$S$_1$ Rydberg level have been resonantly coupled to the $2\pi\times11.721$ GHz second harmonic mode of a chip-based superconducting coplanar waveguide microwave resonator. To achieve this, the single-photon…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 L. L. Brown , I. K. Bhangoo , S. D. Hogan

Recent work has shown the promise of applying deep learning to enhance software processing of radio frequency (RF) signals. In parallel, hardware developments with quantum RF sensors based on Rydberg atoms are breaking longstanding barriers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Pranav Gokhale , Caitlin Carnahan , William Clark , Teague Tomesh , Frederic T. Chong

We demonstrate a multiphoton Rydberg dark resonance where a Lambda-system is coupled to a Rydberg state. This N-type level scheme combines the ability to slow and store light pulses associated with long lived ground state superpositions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. G. Bason , A. K. Mohapatra , K. J. Weatherill , C. S. Adams

We propose high-frequency gravitational wave (GW) detectors with Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms are ultra-sensitive detectors of electric fields. By setting up a constant magnetic field, a weak electric field is generated upon the arrival of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-23 Sugumi Kanno , Jiro Soda , Akira Taniguchi

We present a very sensitive and scalable method to measure the population of highly excited Rydberg states in a thermal vapor cell of rubidium atoms. We detect the Rydberg ionization current in a 5 mm electrically contacted cell. The…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 D. Barredo , H. Kübler , R. Daschner , R. Löw , T. Pfau

Radio-frequency reflectometry, which probes small changes in the electrical impedance of a device, provides a useful method for sensitive and fast detection of dynamic processes in quantum systems. We use this method to detect excitation of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Jui-Yin Lin , Tomoyuki Tani , Mikhail Belianchikov , Denis Konstantinov

We have theoretically and experimentally studied the dispersive signal of the Rydberg atomic electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) - Autler-Townes (AT) splitting spectra obtained using amplitude modulation of the microwave (MW)…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Jianhai Hao , Fengdong Jia , Yue Cui , Yuhan Wang , Fei Zhou , Xiubin Liu , Jian Zhang , Feng Xie , Zhiping Zhong