Related papers: Relative Stone-Weierstrass theorem for mappings be…

Motivated by our attempt to understand characteristic classes of Lie groupoids and geometric structures, we are brought back to the fundamentals of the cohomology theories of Lie groupoids and algebroids. One element that was missing in the…

We prove that the classical algebraic varieties over algebraically closed fields can be defined over arbitrary fields $k.$ Then we prove that for associative algebras $A$, there exist local representing objects $A_M$ for simple modules $M.$…

We develop a comprehensive theory of the stable representation categories of several sequences of groups, including the classical and symmetric groups, and their relation to the unstable categories. An important component of this theory is…

The standard theory of stochastic approximation (SA) is extended to the case when the constraint set is a Riemannian manifold. Specifically, the standard ODE method for analyzing SA schemes is extended to iterations constrained to stay on a…

We consider word maps and word maps with constants on a simple algebraic group. We present results on the images of such maps, in particular, we prove a theorem on the dominance of general word maps with constants, which can be viewed as an…

In this paper, we introduce the notion of relation type of analytic and formal algebras and prove that it is well-defined and invariant by describing this notion in terms of the Andr\'e-Quillen homology and using the Jacobi-Zariski long…

One fundamental consequence of a scheme $X$ being proper is that the functor classifying maps from $X$ to any other suitably nice scheme or algebraic stack is representable by an algebraic stack. This result has been generalized by…

We establish a Grothendieck--Lefschetz theorem for smooth ample subvarieties of smooth projective varieties over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and, more generally, for smooth subvarieties whose complement has small…

We introduce a new family of invariants of real algebraic sets defined in terms of the topology of their complexifications and compute some of these invariants for spheres. This allows us to completely classify topological isomorphism…

Let $M$ be a random matrix in the orthogonal group $\O_n$, distributed according to Haar measure, and let $A$ be a fixed $n\times n$ matrix over $\R$ such that $\tr(AA^t)=n$. Then the total variation distance of the random variable…

The Eilenberg correspondence relates varieties of regular languages to pseudovarieties of finite monoids. Various modifications of this correspondence have been found with more general classes of regular languages on one hand and classes of…

We introduce new foundations for relative topos theory based on stacks. One of the central results in our theory is an adjunction between the category of toposes over the topos of sheaves on a given site $({\mathcal{C}}, J)$ and that of…

The real solutions to a system of sparse polynomial equations may be realized as a fiber of a projection map from a toric variety. When the toric variety is orientable, the degree of this map is a lower bound for the number of real…

A variety is a category of ordered (finitary) algebras presented by inequations between terms. We characterize categories enriched over the category of posets which are equivalent to a variety. This is quite analogous to Lawvere's classical…

The de Rham comparison theorem for varieties, first proved by Faltings, gives the de Rham cohomology of a variety in terms of its p-adic etale cohomology. We extend this theorem to proper, smooth Deligne-Mumford stacks. Two approaches are…

We address the question of finding algebraic properties that are respectively equivalent, for a morphism between algebraic varieties over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, to be an homeomorphism for the Zariski topology…

This paper introduces the notion of ``relative gerbes'' for smooth maps of manifolds, and discusses their differential geometry. The equivalence classes of relative gerbes are further classified by the relative integral cohomology in degree…

Applications of optimal transport have recently gained remarkable attention thanks to the computational advantages of entropic regularization. However, in most situations the Sinkhorn approximation of the Wasserstein distance is replaced by…

Let U be a smooth quasi-projective variety over a field k that is finite, the algebraic closure of a finite field or algebraically closed of characteristic 0. Let X be a suitable projective compactification of U, and D an effective divisor…

In this paper we use the Vandermonde matrices and their properties to give a new proof of the classical result of Karl Weierstrass about the approximation of continuous functions $f$ on closed intervals, using a sequence of polynomials. The…