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This study extends the research of Ferreira and Teles (2019), who synthesized works by Cialdini (2007), Gragg (2003), and Stajano and Wilson (2011) to propose a unique list of persuasion principles in social engineering. While Ferreira and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kalam Khadka

Spam messes up users inbox, consumes resources and spread attacks like DDoS, MiM, Phishing etc., Phishing is a byproduct of email and causes financial loss to users and loss of reputation to financial institutions. In this paper we study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Cynthia Dhinakaran , Jae Kwang lee , Dhinaharan Nagamalai

Users are the last line of defense as phishing emails pass filter mechanisms. At the same time, phishing emails are designed so that they are challenging to identify by users. To this end, attackers employ techniques, such as eliciting…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yasmeen Abdrabou , Felix Dietz , Ahmed Shams , Pascal Knierim , Yomna Abdelrahman , Ken Pfeuffer , Mariam Hassib , Florian Alt

The threat of phishing attacks in financial systems is continuously growing. Therefore, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access is paramount. This paper discusses the critical need for robust email phishing detection.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Novruz Amirov , Leminur Celik , Egemen Ali Caner , Emre Yurdakul , Fahri Anil Yerlikaya , Serif Bahtiyar

Modern organizations are persistently targeted by phishing emails. Despite advances in detection systems and widespread employee training, attackers continue to innovate, posing ongoing threats. Two emerging vectors stand out in the current…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Marie Weinz , Nicola Zannone , Luca Allodi , Giovanni Apruzzese

Emails are used every day for communication, and many countries and organisations mostly use email for official communications. It is highly valued and recognised for confidential conversations and transactions in day-to-day business. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Peace Nmachi Wosah

In the realm of cybersecurity, phishing stands as a prevalent cyber attack, where attackers employ various tactics to deceive users into gathering their sensitive information, potentially leading to identity theft or financial gain.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Aditya Kulkarni , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

In this paper, we present findings from a large-scale and long-term phishing experiment that we conducted in collaboration with a partner company. Our experiment ran for 15 months during which time more than 14,000 study participants…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Daniele Lain , Kari Kostiainen , Srdjan Capkun

Phishing emails are a critical component of the cybercrime kill chain due to their wide reach and low cost. Their ever-evolving nature renders traditional rule-based and feature-engineered detectors ineffective in the ongoing arms race…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ruofan Liu , Yun Lin , Silas Yeo Shuen Yu , Xiwen Teoh , Zhenkai Liang , Jin Song Dong

Phishing is a major problem on the Web. Despite the significant attention it has received over the years, there has been no definitive solution. While the state-of-the-art solutions have reasonably good performance, they require a large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Samuel Marchal , Kalle Saari , Nidhi Singh , N. Asokan

Phishing constitutes more than 90\% of successful cyberattacks globally, remaining one of the most persistent threats to organizational security. Despite organizations tripling their cybersecurity budgets between 2015 and 2025, the human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rebeka Toth , Richard A. Dubniczky , Olga Limonova , Norbert Tihanyi

With increasingly more sophisticated phishing campaigns in recent years, phishing emails lure people using more legitimate-looking personal contexts. To tackle this problem, instead of traditional heuristics-based algorithms, more adaptive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Yuwei Sun , Ng Chong , Hideya Ochiai

Phishing attacks frequently use email body obfuscation to bypass detection filters, but quantitative insights into how techniques are combined and their impact on filter scores remain limited. This paper addresses this gap by empirically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Antony Dalmiere , Zheng Zhou , Guillaume Auriol , Vincent Nicomette , Pascal Marchand

The email system is the central battleground against phishing and social engineering attacks, and yet email providers still face key challenges to authenticate incoming emails. As a result, attackers can apply spoofing techniques to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Hang Hu , Gang Wang

Phishing attacks targeting both organizations and individuals are becoming an increasingly significant threat as technology advances. Current automatic detection methods often lack explainability and robustness in detecting new phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Maria Chiper , Radu Tudor Ionescu

This paper reports on the comparison of the subject and object of verbs in their usage between phishing emails and legitimate emails. The purpose of this research is to explore whether the syntactic structures and subjects and objects of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-02 Gilchan Park , Julia M. Taylor

Spear phishing is a widespread concern in the modern network security landscape, but there are few metrics that measure the extent to which reconnaissance is performed on phishing targets. Spear phishing emails closely match the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Michael C. Kotson , Alexia Schulz

Phishing attacks pose a significant cybersecurity threat globally. This study investigates phishing susceptibility within the Pakistani population, examining the influence of demographic factors, technological aptitude and usage, previous…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Javara A. Bukhsh , Maya Daneva , Marten van Sinderen

Phishing is a type of social engineering attack with an intention to steal user data, including login credentials and credit card numbers, leading to financial losses for both organisations and individuals. It occurs when an attacker,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-02 J. Samantha Tharani , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

Phishing is a type of attack in which cyber criminals tricks the victims to steal their personal and financial data. It has become an organized criminal activity. Spoofed emails claiming to be from legitimate source are crafted in a way to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Ahmad Alamgir Khan