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Dense retrieval, which describes the use of contextualised language models such as BERT to identify documents from a collection by leveraging approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) techniques, has been increasing in popularity. Two families of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Craig Macdonald , Nicola Tonellotto

A recent series of papers by Andoni, Naor, Nikolov, Razenshteyn, and Waingarten (STOC 2018, FOCS 2018) has given approximate near neighbour search (NNS) data structures for a wide class of distance metrics, including all norms. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Deepanshu Kush , Aleksandar Nikolov , Haohua Tang

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based neural architecture search (NAS) generally guarantees better convergence yet suffers from the requirement of huge computational resources compared with gradient-based approaches, due to the rollout…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Jihao Liu , Ming Zhang , Yangting Sun , Boxiao Liu , Guanglu Song , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Deep learning has become in recent years a cornerstone tool fueling key innovations in the industry, such as autonomous driving. To attain good performances, the neural network architecture used for a given application must be chosen with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Anthony Cazasnoves , Pierre-Antoine Ganaye , Kévin Sanchis , Tugdual Ceillier

Nearest neighbor search plays a fundamental role in many disciplines such as multimedia information retrieval, data-mining, and machine learning. The graph-based search approaches show superior performance over other types of approaches in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Hui Wang , Yong Wang , Wan-Lei Zhao

Similarity search is a fundamental building block for information retrieval on a variety of datasets. The notion of a neighbor is often based on binary considerations, such as the k nearest neighbors. However, considering that data is often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Cole Foster , Berk Sevilmis , Benjamin Kimia

For a given dataset $\mathcal{D}$ and structured label $f$, the goal of Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (FANNS) algorithms is to find top-$k$ points closest to a query that satisfy label constraints, while ensuring both recall…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Jiayang Shi , Yuzheng Cai , Weiguo Zheng

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) automates the design of high-performing neural networks but typically targets a single predefined task, thereby restricting its real-world applicability. To address this, Meta Neural Architecture Search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zijun Sun , Yanning Shen

Neural architecture search (NAS) is a promising research direction that has the potential to replace expert-designed networks with learned, task-specific architectures. In this work, in order to help ground the empirical results in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Liam Li , Ameet Talwalkar

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has recently gained increased attention, as a class of approaches that automatically searches in an input space of network architectures. A crucial part of the NAS pipeline is the encoding of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Michail Chatzianastasis , George Dasoulas , Georgios Siolas , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been popularly used for analyzing non-Euclidean data such as social network data and biological data. Despite their success, the design of graph neural networks requires a lot of manual work and domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Yang Gao , Hong Yang , Peng Zhang , Chuan Zhou , Yue Hu

IVF is one of the most widely used ANNS (Approximate Nearest Neighbors Search) methods in vector databases. The idea of redundant assignment is to assign a data vector to more than one IVF lists for reducing the chance of missing true…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zehai Yang , Shimin Chen

Automatic methods for generating state-of-the-art neural network architectures without human experts have generated significant attention recently. This is because of the potential to remove human experts from the design loop which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 George Adam , Jonathan Lorraine

Both supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms have been used to learn partition-based index structures for approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search. Existing supervised algorithms formulate the learning task as finding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Ville Hyvönen , Elias Jääsaari , Teemu Roos

In this paper, we investigate a new variant of neural architecture search (NAS) paradigm -- searching with random labels (RLNAS). The task sounds counter-intuitive for most existing NAS algorithms since random label provides few information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Xuanyang Zhang , Pengfei Hou , Xiangyu Zhang , Jian Sun

Relative Nearest Neighbor Descent (RNN-Descent) is a state-of-the-art algorithm for constructing sparse approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) graphs by combining the iterative refinement of NN-Descent with the edge-pruning rules of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Xiang Li , Qiong Chang , Yun Li , Jun Miyazaki

Nearest Neighbor Search (NNS) is a fundamental problem in data structures with wide-ranging applications, such as web search, recommendation systems, and, more recently, retrieval-augmented generations (RAG). In such recent applications, in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Siddharth Barman , Nirjhar Das , Shivam Gupta , Kirankumar Shiragur

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) has become fundamental to modern deep learning applications, having gained particular prominence through its integration into recent generative models that work with increasingly complex datasets…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Yuntao Gui , Peiqi Yin , Xiao Yan , Chaorui Zhang , Weixi Zhang , James Cheng

The introduction of negative labels (NLs) has proven effective in enhancing Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection. However, existing methods often lack an understanding of OOD images, making it difficult to construct an accurate negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Wenjie Zhu , Yabin Zhang , Xin Jin , Wenjun Zeng , Lei Zhang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANN) data structures have widespread applications in machine learning, computational biology, and text processing. The goal of ANN is to preprocess a set S so that, given a query q, we can find a point y…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Samuel McCauley