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Stars are thought to form predominantly within filamentary molecular clouds. Recent studies have suggested that active star formation, including the formation of stellar clusters and massive stars, occurs within so-called "hub" structures,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-21 Raiga Kashiwagi , Kazunari Iwasaki , Kohji Tomisaka , Tsuyoshi Inoue

Filamentary molecular clouds are regarded as the place where newborn stars are formed. In particular, a hub region, a place where it appears as if several filaments are colliding, often indicates active star formation. To understand the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-06 Raiga Kashiwagi , Kazunari Iwasaki , Kohji Tomisaka

Recent observations suggest that intensive molecular cloud collision can trigger massive star/cluster formation. The most important physical process caused by the collision is a shock compression. In this paper, the influence of a shock…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-07 Tsuyoshi Inoue , Patrick Hennebelle , Yasuo Fukui , Tomoaki Matsumoto , Kazunari Iwasaki , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

Recent observations of molecular clouds show that dense filaments are the sites of present-day star formation. Thus, it is necessary to understand the filament formation process because these filaments provide the initial condition for star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-16 Daisei Abe , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Tomoaki Matsumoto

Context: Filaments are common features in molecular clouds and they play a key role in star formation (SF). Studying their life cycle is essential to fully understand the SF process. Aims: We aim to characterise the impact of magnetic field…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-07 Paolo Suin , Doris Arzoumanian , Annie Zavagno , Patrick Hennebelle

Stars are born in dense molecular filaments irrespective of their mass. Compression of the ISM by shocks cause filament formation in molecular clouds. Observations show that a massive star cluster formation occurs where the peak of gas…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-07 Daisei Abe , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Rei Enokiya , Yasuo Fukui

Recent observations have identified hub-filament systems (HFSs) as the primary formation sites of massive stars and star clusters. Some HFSs are characterized by multiple filaments aligned radially toward a central high-density hub.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-04 Shingo Nozaki , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

We present the results of SPH simulations in which two clouds, each having mass $M_{_{\rm{o}}}\!=\!500\,{\rm M}_{_\odot}$ and radius $R_{_{\rm{o}}}\!=\!2\,{\rm pc}$, collide head-on at relative velocities of $\Delta v_{_{\rm{o}}}…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-18 S. K. Balfour , A. P. Whitworth , D. A. Hubber , S. E. Jaffa

Cloud-cloud collisions are expected to trigger star formation by compressing gas into dense, gravitationally unstable regions. However, the role of magnetic fields in this process is unclear. We use SPH to model head-on collisions between…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-19 Theotokis Georgatos , Anthony P. Whitworth

We investigate giant molecular cloud (GMCs) collisions and their ability to induce gravitational instability and thus star formation. This mechanism may be a major driver of star formation activity in galactic disks. We carry out a series…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-01 Benjamin Wu , Jonathan C. Tan , Fumitaka Nakamura , Sven Van Loo , Duncan Christie , David Collins

We study the formation of giant dense cloud complexes and of stars within them by means of SPH numerical simulations of the mildly supersonic collision of gas streams (``inflows'') in the warm neutral medium (WNM). The resulting…

To understand the formation of a magnetically dominated molecular cloud out of an atomic cloud, we follow the dynamical evolution of the cloud with a time-dependent axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic code. A thermally stable warm atomic cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Van Loo , S. A. E. G. Falle , T. W. Hartquist , T. J. T. Moore

The fragmentation of gas to form stars in molecular clouds is intrinsically linked to the turbulence within them. These internal motions are set at the birth of the cloud and may vary with galactic environment and as the cloud evolves. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-29 Jiten Dhandha , Zoe Faes , Rowan J. Smith

Molecular clouds (MCs) are highly structured and ``turbulent''. Colliding gas streams of atomic hydrogen have been suggested as a possible source of MCs, imprinting the filamentary structure as a consequence of dynamical and thermal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. Heitsch , A. Burkert , L. Hartmann , A. D. Slyz , J. E. G. Devriendt

Observational evidence from local star-forming regions mandates that star formation occurs shortly after, or even during, molecular cloud formation. Models of the formation of molecular clouds in large-scale converging flows have identified…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Jonathan Carroll-Nellenback , Adam Frank , Fabian Heitsch

We investigate the formation and evolution of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in a Milky-Way-like disk galaxy with a flat rotation curve. We perform a series of 3D adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) numerical simulations that follow both the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 Elizabeth J. Tasker , Jonathan C. Tan

In recent years, there were studies on the omnipresence and structures of filaments in star-forming regions, and the role of their fragmentation in the process of star formation. However, only a few studies analysed the evolution of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-07 Roxana-Adela Chira

Observations indicate that dense molecular filamentary clouds are sites of star formation. The filament width determines the most unstable scale for self-gravitational fragmentation and influences the stellar mass. Therefore, constraining…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-09 Daisei Abe , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Doris Arzoumanian

Here we examine the evolution of irradiated clouds using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ({\small SPH}) algorithm coupled with a ray-tracing scheme that calculates the position of the ionisation-front at each timestep. We present…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 S. Anathpindika , H. C. Bhatt

This is the first paper about the fragmentation and mass outflow in the molecular cloud by using three-dimensional MHD nested-grid simulations. The binary star formation process is studied paying particular attention to the fragmentation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Masahiro N Machida , Kohji Tomisaka , Tomoaki Matsumoto
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