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Low-rank approximation techniques have become the de facto standard for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) due to their reduced computational and memory requirements. This paper investigates the effectiveness of these methods in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Saswat Das , Marco Romanelli , Cuong Tran , Zarreen Reza , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ferdinando Fioretto

Many popular machine learning techniques in natural language processing and data mining rely heavily on high-quality text sources. However real-world text datasets contain a significant amount of spelling errors and improperly punctuated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Nan Jiang , Chen Luo , Vihan Lakshman , Yesh Dattatreya , Yexiang Xue

Fine-tuning LLMs for classification typically maps inputs directly to labels. We ask whether attaching brief explanations to each label during fine-tuning yields better models. We evaluate conversational response quality along three axes:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Vivswan Shah , Randy Cogill , Hanwei Yue , Gopinath Chennupati , Rinat Khaziev

Although large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance, their enormous parameter counts hinder deployment on resource-constrained hardware. Low-rank compression can reduce both memory usage and computational demand, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yu-Chen Lu , Chong-Yan Chen , Chi-Chih Chang , Yu-Fang Hu , Kai-Chiang Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the unique capability to understand and generate human-like text from input queries. When fine-tuned, these models show enhanced performance on domain-specific queries. OpenAI highlights the process of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Scott Barnett , Zac Brannelly , Stefanus Kurniawan , Sheng Wong

Text classification tends to be difficult when data are deficient or when it is required to adapt to unseen classes. In such challenging scenarios, recent studies have often used meta-learning to simulate the few-shot task, thus negating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Shumin Deng , Ningyu Zhang , Zhanlin Sun , Jiaoyan Chen , Huajun Chen

Modern large language models become multimodal, analyzing various data formats like text and images. While fine-tuning is effective for adapting these multimodal language models (MLMs) to downstream tasks, full fine-tuning is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Alexander Sergeev , Evgeny Kotelnikov

Pre-trained transformer language models have shown remarkable performance on a variety of NLP tasks. However, recent research has suggested that phrase-level representations in these models reflect heavy influences of lexical content, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Lang Yu , Allyson Ettinger

Instruction fine-tuned language models on a collection of instruction annotated datasets (FLAN) have shown highly effective to improve model performance and generalization to unseen tasks. However, a majority of standard parsing tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Young-Suk Lee , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo , Radu Florian , Tahira Naseem , Salim Roukos

Fine-tuning a pre-trained language model (PLM) emerges as the predominant strategy in many natural language processing applications. However, this process is known to be expensive, especially on edge devices with low computing power. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Mengting Ai , Tianxin Wei , Yifan Chen , Zeming Guo , Jingrui He

Our analysis of the NeurIPS 2023 large language model (LLM) fine-tuning competition revealed the following trend: top-performing models exhibit significant overfitting on benchmark datasets, mirroring the broader issue of benchmark…

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models (LLMs) on particular datasets is a commonly employed strategy in Natural Language Processing (NLP) classification tasks. However, this approach usually results in a loss of models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Stepan Tytarenko , Mohammad Ruhul Amin

Self-supervised pre-training of transformer models has shown enormous success in improving performance on a number of downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning on a new task still requires large amounts of task-specific labelled data to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Trapit Bansal , Rishikesh Jha , Andrew McCallum

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit strong general-purpose capabilities, yet still struggle on Fine-Grained Visual Classification (FGVC), a core perception task that requires subtle visual discrimination and is crucial for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jie Zhu , Yiyang Su , Xiaoming Liu

Recently, conformer-based end-to-end automatic speech recognition, which outperforms recurrent neural network based ones, has received much attention. Although the parallel computing of conformer is more efficient than recurrent neural…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Shengqiang Li , Menglong Xu , Xiao-Lei Zhang

Despite the impressive capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in integrating text and image modalities, challenges remain in accurately interpreting detailed visual elements. Vision detection models excel at recognizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Qirui Jiao , Daoyuan Chen , Yilun Huang , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

Scene Text Recognition is a challenging problem because of irregular styles and various distortions. This paper proposed an end-to-end trainable model consists of a finer rectification module and a bidirectional attentional recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Gang Wang

Accurate classification of tree species based on Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) is essential for biodiversity conservation. While advanced deep learning models for 3D point cloud classification have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Said Ohamouddou , Mohamed Ohamouddou , Hanaa El Afia , Abdellatif El Afia , Rafik Lasri , Raddouane Chiheb

This thesis provides methods and analysis of models which make progress on this goal. The techniques outlined are task agnostic, and should provide benefit when used with nearly any transformer LM. We introduce two new finetuning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Davis Yoshida

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have become crucial for rapidly adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. Prefix-Tuning, an early and effective PEFT technique, demonstrated the ability to achieve performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haonan Wang , Brian Chen , Siquan Li , Xinhe Liang , Hwee Kuan Lee , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tianyang Hu