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The Exploration-Exploitation tradeoff arises in Reinforcement Learning when one cannot tell if a policy is optimal. Then, there is a constant need to explore new actions instead of exploiting past experience. In practice, it is common to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Lior Shani , Yonathan Efroni , Shie Mannor

We consider (random) strategic interactions in a large population consisting of a variety of players. A rational player chooses actions that maximize certain utility functions, while a behavioral player chooses actions based on preferences…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Raghupati Vyas , Kousik Das , Veeraruna Kavitha , Souvik Roy

This paper seeks to establish a framework for directing a society of simple, specialized, self-interested agents to solve what traditionally are posed as monolithic single-agent sequential decision problems. What makes it challenging to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Michael Chang , Sidhant Kaushik , S. Matthew Weinberg , Thomas L. Griffiths , Sergey Levine

We investigate the problem of learning an equilibrium in a generalized two-sided matching market, where agents can adaptively choose their actions based on their assigned matches. Specifically, we consider a setting in which matched agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Andreas Athanasopoulos , Christos Dimitrakakis

This document analyzes price discovery in cryptocurrency markets by comparing centralized and decentralized exchanges, as well as spot and futures markets. The study focuses first on Ethereum (ETH) and then applies a similar approach to…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-11 Juan Plazuelo Pascual , Carlos Tardon Rubio , Juan Toro Cebada , Angel Hernando Veciana

Advancements in digitization have enabled two sided manufacturing-as-a-service (MaaS) marketplaces which has significantly reduced product development time for designers. These platforms provide designers with access to manufacturing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Deepak Pahwa

We study reinforcement learning from human feedback in general Markov decision processes, where agents learn from trajectory-level preference comparisons. A central challenge in this setting is to design algorithms that select informative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Andreas Schlaginhaufen , Reda Ouhamma , Maryam Kamgarpour

Two issues of algorithmic collusion are addressed in this paper. First, we show that in a general class of symmetric games, including Prisoner's Dilemma, Bertrand competition, and any (nonlinear) mixture of first and second price auction,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-09-05 Zhang Xu , Wei Zhao

Matching plays a vital role in the rational allocation of resources in many areas, ranging from market operation to people's daily lives. In economics, the term matching theory is coined for pairing two agents in a specific market to reach…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Jing Ren , Feng Xia , Xiangtai Chen , Jiaying Liu , Mingliang Hou , Ahsan Shehzad , Nargiz Sultanova , Xiangjie Kong

In many two-sided markets, the parties to be matched have incomplete information about their characteristics. We consider the settings where the parties engaged are extremely patient and are interested in long-term partnerships. Hence, once…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Kartik Ahuja , Mihaela van der Schaar

The matching literature often recommends market centralization under the assumption that agents know their own preferences and that their preferences are fixed. We find counterevidence to this assumption in a quasi-experiment. In Germany's…

General Economics · Economics 2022-06-07 Julien Grenet , YingHua He , Dorothea Kübler

A menu description exposes strategyproofness by presenting a mechanism to player $i$ in two steps. Step (1) uses others' reports to describe $i$'s menu of potential outcomes. Step (2) uses $i$'s report to select $i$'s favorite outcome from…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-10-10 Yannai A. Gonczarowski , Ori Heffetz , Clayton Thomas

The paper addresses the Multiplayer Multi-Armed Bandit (MMAB) problem, where $M$ decision makers or players collaborate to maximize their cumulative reward. When several players select the same arm, a collision occurs and no reward is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Alexandre Proutiere , Po-An Wang

Multi-access edge computing (MEC) is a promising architecture to provide low-latency applications for future Internet of Things (IoT)-based network systems. Together with the increasing scholarly attention on task offloading, the problem of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Zheng Xiao , Dan He , Yu Chen , Anthony Theodore Chronopoulos , Schahram Dustdar , Jiayi Du

Reinforcement learning in partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs) faces two challenges. (i) It often takes the full history to predict the future, which induces a sample complexity that scales exponentially with the horizon.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Lingxiao Wang , Qi Cai , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang

Remote entanglement enables coordinated decision making without communication and produces correlations beyond those achievable by any classical strategy, representing a practical quantum advantage in time-critical distributed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Changhao Li , Seigo Kikura , Akihisa Goban , Hayata Yamasaki , Shinichi Sunami

The threat of algorithmic collusion, and whether it merits regulatory intervention, remains debated, as existing evaluations of its emergence often rely on long learning horizons, assumptions about counterparty rationality in adopting…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yuhong Luo , Daniel Schoepflin , Xintong Wang

We study an online mixed discrete and continuous optimization problem where a decision maker interacts with an unknown environment for a number of $T$ rounds. At each round, the decision maker needs to first jointly choose a discrete and a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Lintao Ye , Ming Chi , Zhi-Wei Liu , Xiaoling Wang , Vijay Gupta

One-sided matching problems with ordinal preferences, such as hostel room allocation, are commonly solved using the Top Trading Cycles (TTC) mechanism, which guarantees Pareto-optimal (PO) outcomes. However, TTC does not yield a unique…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Bhavik Dodda , Garima Shakya

Partial monitoring games are repeated games where the learner receives feedback that might be different from adversary's move or even the reward gained by the learner. Recently, a general model of combinatorial partial monitoring (CPM)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Sougata Chaudhuri , Ambuj Tewari