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Principal component analysis (PCA) is a key tool in the field of data dimensionality reduction. However, some applications involve heterogeneous data that vary in quality due to noise characteristics associated with each data sample.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-18 Javier Salazar Cavazos , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Laura Balzano

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its nonlinear extension Kernel PCA (KPCA) are widely used across science and industry for data analysis and dimensionality reduction. Modern deep learning tools have achieved great empirical success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Francesco Tonin , Qinghua Tao , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Principal component analysis (PCA) represents a standard approach to identify collective variables $\{x_i\}\!=\!\boldsymbol{x}$, which can be used to construct the free energy landscape $\Delta G(\boldsymbol{x})$ of a molecular system.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-05-30 Matthias Post , Steffen Wolf , Gerhard Stock

Researchers often have datasets measuring features $x_{ij}$ of samples, such as test scores of students. In factor analysis and PCA, these features are thought to be influenced by unobserved factors, such as skills. Can we determine how…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-16 Edgar Dobriban

A new look on the principal component analysis has been presented. Firstly, a geometric interpretation of determination coefficient was shown. In turn, the ability to represent the analyzed data and their interdependencies in the form of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-29 Zenon Gniazdowski

We introduce robust principal component analysis from a data matrix in which the entries of its columns have been corrupted by permutations, termed Unlabeled Principal Component Analysis (UPCA). Using algebraic geometry, we establish that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yunzhen Yao , Liangzu Peng , Manolis C. Tsakiris

Many studies collect functional data from multiple subjects that have both multilevel and multivariate structures. An example of such data comes from popular neuroscience experiments where participants' brain activity is recorded using…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-19 Jun Zhang , Greg J Siegle , Wendy D'Andrea , Robert T Krafty

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for linear dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. Kernel PCA is the nonlinear form of PCA, which better exploits the complicated spatial structure of high-dimensional features.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Quan Wang

This paper proposes an innovative extension of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that transcends the traditional assumption of data lying in Euclidean space, enabling its application to data on Riemannian manifolds. The primary challenge…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Oldemar Rodríguez

Modeling non-linear temporal trajectories is of fundamental interest in many application areas, such as in longitudinal microbiome analysis. Many existing methods focus on estimating mean trajectories, but it is also often of value to…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-02 Lingjing Jiang , Yuan Zhong , Chris Elrod , Loki Natarajan , Rob Knight , Wesley K. Thompson

Analyzing longitudinal data in health studies is challenging due to sparse and error-prone measurements, strong within-individual correlation, missing data and various trajectory shapes. While mixed-effect models (MM) effectively address…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-11 Corentin Ségalas , Catherine Helmer , Robin Genuer , Cécile Proust-Lima

The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a data dimensionality reduction technique well-suited for processing data from sensor networks. It can be applied to tasks like compression, event detection, and event recognition. This technique is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-03-13 Yann-Aël Le Borgne , Sylvain Raybaud , Gianluca Bontempi

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely employed statistical tool used primarily for dimensionality reduction. However, it is known to be adversely affected by the presence of outlying observations in the sample, which is quite…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-26 Subhrajyoty Roy , Ayanendranath Basu , Abhik Ghosh

Principal component analysis (PCA) has well-documented merits for data extraction and dimensionality reduction. PCA deals with a single dataset at a time, and it is challenged when it comes to analyzing multiple datasets. Yet in certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Gang Wang , Jia Chen , Georgios B. Giannakis

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a most frequently used statistical tool in almost all branches of data science. However, like many other statistical tools, there is sometimes the risk of misuse or even abuse. In this paper, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-12 Xinyu Zhang , Howell Tong

Monitoring multichannel profiles has important applications in manufacturing systems improvement, but it is non-trivial to develop efficient statistical methods due to two main challenges. First, profiles are high-dimensional functional…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-18 Yuan Wang , Kamran Paynabar , Yajun Mei

Functional binary datasets occur frequently in real practice, whereas discrete characteristics of the data can bring challenges to model estimation. In this paper, we propose a sparse logistic functional principal component analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-17 Rou Zhong , Shishi Liu , Haocheng Li , Jingxiao Zhang

In many longitudinal studies, a large number of variables are measured repeatedly over time, with substantial missing data. Existing methods, such as probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA), are ill-equipped to handle such…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-27 Xinyu Zhang , Ameer Qaqish , D. Y. Lin , Didong Li

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a method for estimating a subspace given noisy samples. It is useful in a variety of problems ranging from dimensionality reduction to anomaly detection and the visualization of high dimensional data.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-14 David Hong , Laura Balzano , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Feature extraction and dimensionality reduction are important tasks in many fields of science dealing with signal processing and analysis. The relevance of these techniques is increasing as current sensory devices are developed with ever…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-21 Jerónimo Arenas-García , Kaare Brandt Petersen , Gustavo Camps-Valls , Lars Kai Hansen