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Semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides an effective means of leveraging unlabelled data to improve a model performance. Even though the domain has received a considerable amount of attention in the past years, most methods present the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Hugo Schmutz , Olivier Humbert , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei

Given an unlabeled dataset and an annotation budget, we study how to selectively label a fixed number of instances so that semi-supervised learning (SSL) on such a partially labeled dataset is most effective. We focus on selecting the right…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xudong Wang , Long Lian , Stella X. Yu

We are interested in representation learning from labeled or unlabeled data. Inspired by recent success of self-supervised learning (SSL), we develop a non-contrastive representation learning method that can exploit additional knowledge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Ajinkya Tejankar , Soroush Abbasi Koohpayegani , Hamed Pirsiavash

Current 3D semi-supervised segmentation methods face significant challenges such as limited consideration of contextual information and the inability to generate reliable pseudo-labels for effective unsupervised data use. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sanaz Karimijafarbigloo , Reza Azad , Yury Velichko , Ulas Bagci , Dorit Merhof

Self supervised learning (SSL) is a machine learning paradigm where models learn to understand the underlying structure of data without explicit supervision from labeled samples. The acquired representations from SSL have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yunshan Duan , Sinead Williamson

Semi-supervised learning is attracting blooming attention, due to its success in combining unlabeled data. However, pseudo-labeling-based semi-supervised approaches suffer from two problems in image classification: (1) Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xuerong Zhang , Li Huang , Jing Lv , Ming Yang

Existing semi-supervised learning algorithms adopt pseudo-labeling and consistency regulation techniques to introduce supervision signals for unlabeled samples. To overcome the inherent limitation of threshold-based pseudo-labeling, prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Zhiyu Wu , Jinshi Cui

Self-supervised learning (SSL), as a newly emerging unsupervised representation learning paradigm, generally follows a two-stage learning pipeline: 1) learning invariant and discriminative representations with auto-annotation pretext(s),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Jiayu Yao , Qingyuan Wu , Quan Feng , Songcan Chen

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a powerful tool in machine learning, but understanding the learned representations and their underlying mechanisms remains a challenge. This paper presents an in-depth empirical analysis of SSL-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ido Ben-Shaul , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Tomer Galanti , Shai Dekel , Yann LeCun

Minimizing prediction uncertainty on unlabeled data is a key factor to achieve good performance in semi-supervised learning (SSL). The prediction uncertainty is typically expressed as the \emph{entropy} computed by the transformed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jing Li , Yuangang Pan , Ivor W. Tsang

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is a valuable and robust training methodology for contemporary Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), enabling unsupervised pretraining on a 'pretext task' that does not require ground-truth labels/annotation. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Sotirios Konstantakos , Jorgen Cani , Ioannis Mademlis , Despina Ioanna Chalkiadaki , Yuki M. Asano , Efstratios Gavves , Georgios Th. Papadopoulos

In self-supervised learning (SSL), representations are learned via an auxiliary task without annotated labels. A common task is to classify augmentations or different modalities of the data, which share semantic content (e.g. an object in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Alice Bizeul , Bernhard Schölkopf , Carl Allen

The premise of semi-supervised learning (SSL) is that combining labeled and unlabeled data yields significantly more accurate models. Despite empirical successes, the theoretical understanding of SSL is still far from complete. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-06 Eyar Azar , Boaz Nadler

While semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms provide an efficient way to make use of both labelled and unlabelled data, they generally struggle when the number of annotated samples is very small. In this work, we consider the problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi , Sebastien Ehrhardt , Kai Han , Andrea Vedaldi , Andrew Zisserman

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) commonly exhibits confirmation bias, where models disproportionately favor certain classes, leading to errors in predicted pseudo labels that accumulate under a self-training paradigm. Unlike supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Yu Wang , Yuxuan Yin , Peng Li

As an effective way to alleviate the burden of data annotation, semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides an attractive solution due to its ability to leverage both labeled and unlabeled data to build a predictive model. While significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Hai-Ming Xu , Lingqiao Liu , Hao Chen , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Rafael Felix

Deep learning is pushing the state-of-the-art in many computer vision applications. However, it relies on large annotated data repositories, and capturing the unconstrained nature of the real-world data is yet to be solved. Semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Navid Kardan , Mubarak Shah

Self-supervised Learning (SSL) including the mainstream contrastive learning has achieved great success in learning visual representations without data annotations. However, most methods mainly focus on the instance level information (\ie,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Mingkai Zheng , Shan You , Fei Wang , Chen Qian , Changshui Zhang , Xiaogang Wang , Chang Xu

Recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have shown promising results in Speaker Verification (SV). However, narrowing the performance gap with supervised systems remains an ongoing challenge. Several studies have observed that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Victor Miara , Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

Decentralized learning has been advocated and widely deployed to make efficient use of distributed datasets, with an extensive focus on supervised learning (SL) problems. Unfortunately, the majority of real-world data are unlabeled and can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Lirui Wang , Kaiqing Zhang , Yunzhu Li , Yonglong Tian , Russ Tedrake