Related papers: Gauge-invariant optical selection rules for excito…
For gauge theory, the matrix element for any physical process is independent of the gauge used. Since this is a formal statement and examples are known where gauge invariance is violated, for any specific process this gauge invariance needs…
We present a generalization of the concept of magnification bias for gravitationally-lensed quasars, in which the quasars are selected by flux in more than one wavelength band. To illustrate the principle, we consider the case of two-band…
Among various approaches in proving gauge independence, models containing an explicit gauge dependence are convenient. The well-known example is the gauge parameter in the covariant gauge fixing which is of course most suitable for the…
We apply the topological theory of symmetry indicators to interaction-induced exciton band structures in centrosymmetric semiconductors. Crucially, we distinguish between the topological invariants inherited from the underlying electron and…
In order to eliminate gauge variant degrees of freedom we study the way to introduce gauge invariant fields in pure non-Abelian Yang-Mills theory. Our approach is based on the use of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables…
Recent studies have shown that non-equilibrium optical systems under static electric fields offer a pathway to realize chiral gain, where the non-Hermitian response of a material is controlled by the spin angular momentum of the wave. In…
A relationship is derived between differences in electric polarization between bands and the "shift vector" that controls part of a material's bulk photocurrent, then demonstrated in several models. Electric polarization has a quantized…
The strong chiral light-matter interaction is crucial for various important fields such as chiral optics, quantum optics, and biomedical optics, driving a quest for the extreme intrinsic chirality assisted by ultrahigh quality ($Q$-) factor…
Using gauge invariant quark Green's functions, defined with path-ordered gluon field phase factors along polygonal lines, and functional relations among them, two compatible bound state equations of the Dirac type are established for…
A non-negative integer invariant, estimating from below the number of geometrically different critical points of a smooth function $f$ defined in the 2-disk, $f:\mathbb{B}^{2}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$, is considered. (We denote it by…
Recently proposed new gauge invariant formulation of the Chern-Simons gauge theory is considered in detail. This formulation is consistent with the gauge fixed formulation. Furthermore it is found that the canonical (Noether) Poincar\'e…
Nuclear chirality has been intensively studdied for the last several years in the context of experimental as well as theoretical approach. Characteristic gamma selection rules have been predicted for the strong chiral symmetry breaking…
Interactions of gauge-invariant systems are severely constrained by several consistency requirements. One is the preservation of the number of gauge symmetries, another is causal propagation. For lower-spin fields, the emphasis is usually…
We suggest that proper variables for the description of non-Abelian theories are those gauge invariant ones which keep the invariance of the winding number functional with respect to topologically nontrivial (large) gauge transformations.…
A formulation of chiral gauge theories on a lattice which is both reflection positive and gauge invariant is discussed.
We broaden the scope of quantum field theory by introducing a general class of discrete gauge theories that realize either topological order or fracton behavior across dimensions. We start from translation-invariant systems endowed with…
We analyze the Hamiltonian structure of an extended chiral bosons theory in which the self-dual constraint is introduced via a control $\alpha$-parameter. The system has two second-class constraints in the non-critical regime and an…
This is the second of two papers in which we study real and virtual photon-proton scattering in a nonperturbative framework. In the first paper we have identified the leading contributions to this process at high energies and have derived…
A gauge-invariant formalism is presented for the practical treatment of photo- and electroproduction of pseudoscalar mesons off nucleons that allows an explicit incorporation of hadronic final-state interactions. The semi-phenomenological…
This paper presents a algebraic analysis of electromagnetic chirality-induced negative refractive index in a four-level atomic medium. According to analyze mathematically its argument of the complex refractive index for one circular…