Related papers: Gauge-invariant optical selection rules for excito…
Based on the gauge invariant variables proposed in our previous paper [K. Nakamura, Prog. Theor. Phys. vol.110 (2003), 723.], some formulae of the perturbative curvatures of each order are derived. We follow the general framework of the…
In [6], a constraint on invariant measures of bi-permutative cellular automata has been observed: fixed values at the positive indices determine almost-surely a uniform conditional probability on the subset of values of positive conditional…
The involutory birack counting invariant is an integer-valued invariant of unoriented tangles defined by counting homomorphisms from the fundamental involutory birack of the tangle to a finite involutory birack over a set of framings modulo…
In the context of the variational bi-complex, we re-explain that irreducible gauge systems define a particular example of a Lie algebroid. This is used to review some recent and not so recent results on gauge, global and asymptotic…
Theoretical descriptions of observable quantities in cosmological perturbation theory should be independent of coordinate systems. This statement is often referred to as gauge-invariance of observable quantities, and the sanity of their…
In the context of cosmological perturbation theory, we derive the second order Boltzmann equation describing the evolution of the distribution function of radiation without a specific gauge choice. The essential steps in deriving the…
This paper discusses the gauge issue touching the gravitational waves induced at the second order by the scalar modes of cosmological perturbations. These waves are known to depend on the gauge used for their calculation. In this paper, we…
It is shown that the currently studied ``string-inspired'' model for gravity on a line can be formulated as a gauge invariant theory based on the Poincar\'e group with central extension -- a formulation that complements and simplifies…
We investigate solutions to a nonlinear integral equation which has a central role in implementing the non-Abelian Gauss's Law and in constructing gauge-invariant quark and gluon fields. Here we concern ourselves with solutions to this same…
This paper presents an invariant under scaling and linear brightness change. The invariant is based on differentials and therefore is a local feature. Rotationally invariant 2-d differential Gaussian operators up to third order are proposed…
The loss of gauge invariance in models of light-matter interaction which arises from material and photonic space truncation can pose significant challenges to conventional quantum optical models when matter and light strongly hybridize. In…
We make a proposal for gauge-invariant observables in perturbative quantum gravity in cosmological spacetimes, building on the recent work of Brunetti et al. [JHEP 08 (2016) 032]. These observables are relational, and are obtained by…
In this paper we display a direct and physically attractive derivation of the screening contribution to the interaction potential in the Chiral Schwinger model and generalized Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge theory. It is shown that these…
We define the gauge-equivariant index of a family of elliptic operators invariant with respect to the free action of a family $\GR \to B$ of Lie groups (these families are called ``gauge-invariant families'' in what follows). If the fibers…
Gauge invariance, a core principle in electrodynamics, has two separate meanings. One concept treats the photon as the gauge particle for electrodynamics. It is based on symmetries of the Lagrangian, and requires no mention of electric or…
We study the gauge invariance of laser-matter interaction. The velocity gauge where the vector potential is expanded to the $n$-th order with respect to the spatial coordinate, and the length gauge where the electric and magnetic fields are…
Index theorem is formulated in noncommutative geometry with finite degrees of freedom by using Ginsparg-Wilson relation. It is extended to the case where the gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken. Dynamical analysis about topological…
Gauge theories of gravity provide an elegant and promising extension of general relativity. In this paper we show that the Poincar\'e gauge theory exhibits gravity-induced birefringence under the assumption of a specific gauge invariant…
A recent idea, put forward by Mund, Rehren and Schroer, is discussed; it suggests that in gauge quantum field theory one can replace the point-localized gauge fields by string-localized vector potentials built from gauge invariant…
A new topological invariant quantity, sensitive to the analytic structure of both fermionic and bosonic propagators, is proposed. The gauge invariance of our construct is guaranteed for at least small gauge transformations. A generalization…