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The Pauli strings appearing in the decomposition of an operator can be can be grouped into commuting families, reducing the number of quantum circuits needed to measure the expectation value of the operator. We detail an algorithm to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Ben Reggio , Nouman Butt , Andrew Lytle , Patrick Draper

The aim of this paper is to build quantum circuits that implement discrete-time quantum walks having an arbitrary position-dependent coin operator. The position of the walker is encoded in base 2: with $n$ wires, each corresponding to one…

In this paper, we design quantum circuits for the exponential of scaled $n$-qubit Pauli strings using single-qubit rotation gates, Hadamard gate, and CNOT gates. A key result we derive is that any two Pauli-string operators composed of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-05 Rohit Sarma Sarkar , Sabyasachi Chakraborty , Bibhas Adhikari

Exponential operator decompositions are an important tool in many fields of physics, for example, in quantum control, quantum computation, or condensed matter physics. In this work, we present a method for obtaining such decompositions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-19 Seckin Sefi , Peter van Loock

We develop a generalized framework for constructing many-body-interaction operations either in linear time, or in logarithmic time with a linear number of ancilla qubits. Exact gate decompositions are given in particular for Pauli strings,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-25 Felix Motzoi , Michael Kaicher , Frank Wilhelm

With the current rate of progress in quantum computing technologies, systems with more than 50 qubits will soon become reality. Computing ideal quantum state amplitudes for circuits of such and larger sizes is a fundamental step to assess…

We present a classical algorithm based on Pauli propagation for estimating expectation values of arbitrary observables on random unstructured quantum circuits across all circuit architectures and depths, including those with all-to-all…

We study measurements of the unitary generalization of Pauli operators. First, an analytical (constructive) solution to the eigenproblem of these operators is presented. Next, in the case of two subsystems, the Schmidt form of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tomasz Paterek

We consider a quantum computation that only extracts one bit of information per $N$-qubit quantum state preparation. This is relevant for error mitigation schemes where the remainder of the system is measured to detect errors. We optimize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Stefano Polla , Gian-Luca R. Anselmetti , Thomas E. O'Brien

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

Lie-Trotter-Suzuki decompositions are an efficient way to approximate operator exponentials $\exp(t H)$ when $H$ is a sum of $n$ (non-commuting) terms which, individually, can be exponentiated easily. They are employed in time-evolution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-06 Thomas Barthel , Yikang Zhang

High-fidelity decoding of quantum error correction codes relies on an accurate experimental model of the physical errors occurring in the device. Because error probabilities can depend on the context of the applied operations, the error…

We construct $\varepsilon$-approximate unitary $k$-designs on $n$ qubits in circuit depth $O(\log k \log \log n k / \varepsilon)$. The depth is exponentially improved over all known results in all three parameters $n$, $k$, $\varepsilon$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Laura Cui , Thomas Schuster , Fernando Brandao , Hsin-Yuan Huang

We show how to efficiently decompose a parameterized multi-qubit Pauli (PMQP) gate into native parameterized two-qubit Pauli (P2QP) gates minimizing both the circuit depth and the number of P2QP gates. Given a realistic quantum…

Many routines that one might want to run on a quantum computer can benefit from adaptive circuits, relying on mid-circuit measurements and feed-forward operations. Any such measurement has to be compiled into a sequence of elementary gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Julio C. Magdalena de la Fuente

The Pauli matrices are 2-by-2 matrices that are very useful in quantum computing. They can be used as elementary gates in quantum circuits but also to decompose any matrix of $\mathbb{C}^{2^n \times 2^n}$ as a linear combination of tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Océane Koska , Marc Baboulin , Arnaud Gazda

We extend the Ax-Katz theorem for a single polynomial from finite fields to the rings Z_m with m composite. This extension not only yields the analogous result, but gives significantly higher divisibility bounds. We conjecture what computer…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-19 Robert L. Surowka , Kenneth W. Regan

This paper concerns the reconstruction of possibly complex-valued coefficients in a second-order scalar elliptic equation posed on a bounded domain from knowledge of several solutions of that equation. We show that for a sufficiently large…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-11-23 Guillaume Bal , Gunther Uhlmann

Reversible circuits for modular multiplication $Cx$%$M$ with $x<M$ arise as components of modular exponentiation in Shor's quantum number-factoring algorithm. However, existing generic constructions focus on asymptotic gate count and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-04-06 Igor L. Markov , Mehdi Saeedi

We propose an efficient ${\cal O}(N^2)$-parameter ansatz that consists of a sequence of exponential operators, each of which is a unitary variant of Neuscamman's cluster Jastrow operator. The ansatz can also be derived as a decomposition of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-07-07 Yuta Matsuzawa , Yuki Kurashige