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Bit vectors with support for fast rank and select are a fundamental building block for compressed data structures. We close a gap between theory and practice by analyzing an important part of the design space and experimentally evaluating a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Florian Kurpicz , Niccolò Rigi-Luperti , Peter Sanders

SMT solvers have been used successfully as reasoning engines for automated verification and other applications based on automated reasoning. Current techniques for dealing with quantified formulas in SMT are generally incomplete, forcing…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Andrew Reynolds , Cesare Tinelli , Clark Barrett

Modern software for propositional satisfiability problems gives a powerful automated reasoning toolkit, capable of outputting not only a satisfiable/unsatisfiable signal but also a justification of unsatisfiability in the form of resolution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Konstantin Sidorov , Koos van der Linden , Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia , Mathijs de Weerdt , Emir Demirović

There is increasing interest in applying verification tools to programs that have bitvector operations (eg., binaries). SMT solvers, which serve as a foundation for these tools, have thus increased support for bitvector reasoning through…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Yuandong Cyrus Liu , Chengbin Pang , Daniel Dietsch , Eric Koskinen , Ton-Chanh Le , Georgios Portokalidis , Jun Xu

Estimates of the approximate factor model are increasingly used in empirical work. Their theoretical properties, studied some twenty years ago, also laid the ground work for analysis on large dimensional panel data models with cross-section…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-04 Jushan Bai , Serena Ng

Approximate model counting for bit-vector SMT formulas (generalizing \#SAT) has many applications such as probabilistic inference and quantitative information-flow security, but it is computationally difficult. Adding random parity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Seonmo Kim , Stephen McCamant

How data is represented and operationalized is critical for building computational solutions that are both effective and efficient. A common approach is to represent data objects as binary vectors, denoted \textit{hash codes}, which require…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Casper Hansen

Functional programming languages are particularly well-suited for building automated reasoning systems, since (among other reasons) a logical term is well modeled by an inductive type, traversing a term can be implemented generically as a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Daniel Selsam , Simon Hudon , Leonardo de Moura

Static verification techniques leverage Boolean formula satisfiability solvers such as SAT and SMT solvers that operate on conjunctive normal form and first order logic formulae, respectively, to validate programs. They force bounds on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-09-25 Fadi A. Zaraket , Mohamad Noureddine

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) has an extensive application domain in computer science, especially in electronic design automation applications. Circuit synthesis, optimization, and verification problems can be solved by transforming original…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-03-18 Te-Hsuan Chen , Ju-Yi Lu

First Order Logic (FOL) is a powerful reasoning tool for program verification. Recent work on Ivy shows that FOL is well suited for verification of parameterized distributed systems. However, specifying many natural objects, such as a ring…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Rylo Ashmore , Arie Gurfinkel , Richard Trefler

Modern circuit design process increasingly adopts high-level hardware construction languages and parameterized design methodologies to shorten development cycles and maintain high reusability, in contrast to traditional hardware description…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Ziyi Yang , Guangyu Hu , Xiaofeng Zhou , Mingkai Miao , Changyuan Yu , Wei Zhang , Hongce Zhang

Exactly solving first-order constraints (i.e., first-order formulas over a certain predefined structure) can be a very hard, or even undecidable problem. In continuous structures like the real numbers it is promising to compute approximate…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stefan Ratschan

An efficient and flexible engine for computing fixed points is critical for many practical applications. In this paper, we firstly present a goal-directed fixed point computation strategy in the logic programming paradigm. The strategy…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hai-Feng Guo , Gopal Gupta

Word embeddings are commonly used as a starting point in many NLP models to achieve state-of-the-art performances. However, with a large vocabulary and many dimensions, these floating-point representations are expensive both in terms of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Julien Tissier , Christophe Gravier , Amaury Habrard

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a fundamental NP-complete problem with many applications, including automated planning and scheduling. To solve large instances, SAT solvers have to rely on heuristics, e.g., choosing a branching variable in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Mikhail Shirokikh , Ilya Shenbin , Anton Alekseev , Sergey Nikolenko

Addressing the interpretability problem of NMF on Boolean data, Boolean Matrix Factorization (BMF) uses Boolean algebra to decompose the input into low-rank Boolean factor matrices. These matrices are highly interpretable and very useful in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Sebastian Dalleiger , Jilles Vreeken

Reasoning language models perform well on complex tasks but are costly to deploy due to their size and long reasoning traces. We propose a routing approach that assigns each problem to the smallest model likely to solve it, reducing compute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Bo Zhao , Berkcan Kapusuzoglu , Kartik Balasubramaniam , Sambit Sahu , Supriyo Chakraborty , Genta Indra Winata

Implementing quantum algorithms on realistic hardware requires translating high-level global operations into sequences of native elementary gates, a process known as quantum compiling. Physical limitations, such as constraints in…

In the contexts of automated reasoning (AR) and formal verification (FV), important decision problems are effectively encoded into Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT). In the last decade efficient SMT solvers have been developed for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-10-23 Roberto Sebastiani , Silvia Tomasi