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Modeling evolving knowledge over temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) has become a heated topic. Various methods have been proposed to forecast links on TKGs. Most of them are embedding-based, where hidden representations are learned to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zifeng Ding , Heling Cai , Jingpei Wu , Yunpu Ma , Ruotong Liao , Bo Xiong , Volker Tresp

Multivariate time series data typically comprises two distinct modalities: variable semantics and sampled numerical observations. Traditional time series models treat variables as anonymous statistical signals, overlooking the rich semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yifei Sun , Junming Liu , Yirong Chen , Xuefeng Yan , Ding Wang

Knowledge graphs have been demonstrated to be an effective tool for numerous intelligent applications. However, a large amount of valuable knowledge still exists implicitly in the knowledge graphs. To enrich the existing knowledge graphs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Pengpeng Shao , Guohua Yang , Dawei Zhang , Jianhua Tao , Feihu Che , Tong Liu

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) structurally preserve evolving human knowledge. Recent research has focused on designing models to learn the evolutionary nature of TKGs to predict future facts, achieving impressive results. For instance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhang Jiasheng , Li Zhangpin , Wang Mingzhe , Shao Jie , Cui Jiangtao , Li Hui

The causal revolution has stimulated interest in understanding complex relationships in various fields. Most of the existing methods aim to discover causal relationships among all variables within a complex large-scale graph. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Hengrui Cai , Yixin Wang , Michael Jordan , Rui Song

Recent years have witnessed much interest in temporal reasoning over knowledge graphs (KG) for complex question answering (QA), but there remains a substantial gap in human capabilities. We explore how to generalize relational graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Aditya Sharma , Apoorv Saxena , Chitrank Gupta , Seyed Mehran Kazemi , Partha Talukdar , Soumen Chakrabarti

Causal reasoning and discovery, two fundamental tasks of causal analysis, often face challenges in applications due to the complexity, noisiness, and high-dimensionality of real-world data. Despite recent progress in identifying latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Dingling Yao , Shimeng Huang , Riccardo Cadei , Kun Zhang , Francesco Locatello

Forecasting future events is a fundamental challenge for temporal knowledge graphs (tKG). As in real life predicting a mean function is most of the time not sufficient, but the question remains how confident can we be about our prediction?…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Soeren Nolting , Zhen Han , Volker Tresp

Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion (TKGC) under the extrapolation setting aims to predict the missing entity from a fact in the future, posing a challenge that aligns more closely with real-world prediction problems. Existing research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Kunze Wang , Soyeon Caren Han , Josiah Poon

Temporal characteristics are prominently evident in a substantial volume of knowledge, which underscores the pivotal role of Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) in both academia and industry. However, TKGs often suffer from incompleteness for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Jiapu Wang , Boyue Wang , Meikang Qiu , Shirui Pan , Bo Xiong , Heng Liu , Linhao Luo , Tengfei Liu , Yongli Hu , Baocai Yin , Wen Gao

Decision-making tasks often unfold on graphs with spatial-temporal dynamics. Black-box reinforcement learning often overlooks how local changes spread through network structure, limiting sample efficiency and interpretability. We present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Hadi Partovi Aria , Zhe Xu

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) forecasting benchmarks challenge models to predict future facts using knowledge of past facts. In this paper, we apply large language models (LLMs) to these benchmarks using in-context learning (ICL). We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Dong-Ho Lee , Kian Ahrabian , Woojeong Jin , Fred Morstatter , Jay Pujara

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) is an extension of regular knowledge graph by attaching the time scope. Existing temporal knowledge graph question answering (TKGQA) models solely approach simple questions, owing to the prior assumption that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Rikui Huang , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Wenfeng Xie , Xianling Mao , Dangyang Chen

Encoding facts as representations of entities and binary relationships between them, as learned by knowledge graph representation models, is useful for various tasks, including predicting new facts, question answering, fact checking and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Ivana Balažević

Conventional static knowledge graphs model entities in relational data as nodes, connected by edges of specific relation types. However, information and knowledge evolve continuously, and temporal dynamics emerge, which are expected to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Yushan Liu , Yunpu Ma , Marcel Hildebrandt , Mitchell Joblin , Volker Tresp

The integration of knowledge graphs (KGs) with large language models (LLMs) offers significant potential to improve the retrieval phase of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. In this study, we propose KG-CQR, a novel framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chi Minh Bui , Ngoc Mai Thieu , Van Vinh Nguyen , Jason J. Jung , Khac-Hoai Nam Bui

Video self-supervised learning is a challenging task, which requires significant expressive power from the model to leverage rich spatial-temporal knowledge and generate effective supervisory signals from large amounts of unlabeled videos.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Yang Liu , Keze Wang , Lingbo Liu , Haoyuan Lan , Liang Lin

Can the direction of time and the causal structure of space-time be inferred from operational principles? Causal models and tensor networks offer complementary perspectives: the former encodes cause-effect relations via directed graphs,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Carla Ferradini , Giulia Mazzola , V. Vilasini

Modern machine learning models excel at pattern recognition but remain brittle, often failing to generalize out of distribution (OOD) because they capture spurious correlations rather than the underlying causal data-generating process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Govind Vallabhasseri Binish , Abdhul Ahadh , Rano Roy Kavanal , Arya Ukunde

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning that infers future missing facts is an essential and challenging task. Predicting future events typically relies on closely related historical facts, yielding more accurate results for repetitive or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Yukun Cao , Lisheng Wang , Luobin Huang