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Despite the promise of Lipschitz-based methods for provably-robust deep learning with deterministic guarantees, current state-of-the-art results are limited to feed-forward Convolutional Networks (ConvNets) on low-dimensional data, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Kai Hu , Andy Zou , Zifan Wang , Klas Leino , Matt Fredrikson

In this paper we propose novel optimization-based methods for verifying reach-avoid (or, eventuality) properties of continuous-time systems modelled by ordinary differential equations. Given a system, an initial set, a safe set and a target…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-18 Bai Xue , Naijun Zhan , Martin Fränzle , Ji Wang , Wanwei Liu

In the current control design of safety-critical autonomous systems, formal verification techniques are typically applied after the controller is designed to evaluate whether the required properties (e.g., safety) are satisfied. However,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Yixuan Wang , Chao Huang , Zhaoran Wang , Zhilu Wang , Qi Zhu

Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is a widely adopted verification tool to provide safety and performance guarantees for autonomous systems. However, it involves solving a partial differential equation (PDE) to compute a safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Aditya Singh , Zeyuan Feng , Somil Bansal

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) that solves constraint-satisfactory policies provides a promising way to the broader safety-critical applications of RL in real-world problems such as robotics. Among all safe RL approaches, model-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Dongjie Yu , Wenjun Zou , Yujie Yang , Haitong Ma , Shengbo Eben Li , Jingliang Duan , Jianyu Chen

Ensuring safety is important for the practical deployment of reinforcement learning (RL). Various challenges must be addressed, such as handling stochasticity in the environments, providing rigorous guarantees of persistent state-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Milan Ganai , Zheng Gong , Chenning Yu , Sylvia Herbert , Sicun Gao

Learning reliably safe autonomous control is one of the core problems in trustworthy autonomy. However, training a controller that can be formally verified to be safe remains a major challenge. We introduce a novel approach for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Junlin Wu , Huan Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

This paper presents a safety-critical reinforcement learning framework for nonlinear dynamical systems with continuous state and input spaces operating under explicit physical constraints. Hard safety constraints are enforced independently…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Hossein Rastgoftar

We address the crucial yet underexplored stability properties of the Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman (HJB) equation in model-free reinforcement learning contexts, specifically for Lipschitz continuous optimal control problems. We bridge the gap…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-23 Namkyeong Cho , Yeoneung Kim

Ensuring safety in autonomous systems with vision-based control remains a critical challenge due to the high dimensionality of image inputs and the fact that the relationship between true system state and its visual manifestation is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xinhang Ma , Junlin Wu , Hussein Sibai , Yiannis Kantaros , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Neural networks have recently become popular for a wide variety of uses, but have seen limited application in safety-critical domains such as robotics near and around humans. This is because it remains an open challenge to train a neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Long Kiu Chung , Adam Dai , Derek Knowles , Shreyas Kousik , Grace X. Gao

Certified robustness is a desirable property for deep neural networks in safety-critical applications, and popular training algorithms can certify robustness of a neural network by computing a global bound on its Lipschitz constant.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Yujia Huang , Huan Zhang , Yuanyuan Shi , J Zico Kolter , Anima Anandkumar

Hard constraints in reinforcement learning (RL) often degrade policy performance. Lagrangian methods offer a way to blend objectives with constraints, but require intricate reward engineering and parameter tuning. In this work, we extend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 William Sharpless , Dylan Hirsch , Sander Tonkens , Nikhil Shinde , Sylvia Herbert

Recent approaches to leveraging deep learning for computing reachable sets of continuous-time dynamical systems have gained popularity over traditional level-set methods, as they overcome the curse of dimensionality. However, as with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Prashant Solanki , Nikolaus Vertovec , Yannik Schnitzer , Jasper Van Beers , Coen de Visser , Alessandro Abate

Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis provides a formal method for guaranteeing safety in constrained control problems. It synthesizes a value function to represent a long-term safe set called feasible region. Early synthesis methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Yujie Yang , Hanjiang Hu , Tianhao Wei , Shengbo Eben Li , Changliu Liu

Ensuring safety of nonlinear systems under model uncertainty and external disturbances is crucial, especially for real-world control tasks. Predictive methods such as robust model predictive control (RMPC) require solving nonconvex…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Zeyang Li , Chuxiong Hu , Weiye Zhao , Changliu Liu

Safety assurance is a fundamental requirement for deploying learning-enabled autonomous systems. Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is a fundamental method for formally verifying safety and generating safe controllers. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ihab Tabbara , Yuxuan Yang , Hussein Sibai

We examine the impact of learning Lipschitz continuous models in the context of model-based reinforcement learning. We provide a novel bound on multi-step prediction error of Lipschitz models where we quantify the error using the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Kavosh Asadi , Dipendra Misra , Michael L. Littman

Forward reachability analysis is the predominant approach for verifying reach-avoid properties in neural feedback systems (dynamical systems controlled by neural networks). This dominance stems from the limited scalability of existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Samuel I. Akinwande , Sydney M. Katz , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Clark Barrett

Recent studies have highlighted the potential of Lipschitz-based methods for training certifiably robust neural networks against adversarial attacks. A key challenge, supported both theoretically and empirically, is that robustness demands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Kai Hu , Klas Leino , Zifan Wang , Matt Fredrikson