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Ransomware has become a significant global threat with the ransomware-as-a-service model enabling easy availability and deployment, and the potential for high revenues creating a viable criminal business model. Individuals, private…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Omar M. K. Alhawi , James Baldwin , Ali Dehghantanha

This research recasts ransomware detection using performance monitoring and statistical machine learning. The work builds a test environment with 41 input variables to label and compares three computing states: idle, encryption and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-28 David Noever , Samantha Miller Noever

The damage caused by crypto-ransomware, due to encryption, is difficult to revert and cause data losses. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) classifier was built to early detect ransomware (called crypto-ransomware) that uses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Chih-Yuan Yang , Ravi Sahita

Malicious attacks, malware, and ransomware families pose critical security issues to cybersecurity, and it may cause catastrophic damages to computer systems, data centers, web, and mobile applications across various industries and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mohammad Masum , Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Hossain Shahriar , Kai Qian , Dan Lo , Muhaiminul Islam Adnan

Detecting packed executables is a critical component of large-scale malware analysis and antivirus engine workflows, as it identifies samples that warrant computationally intensive dynamic unpacking to reveal concealed malicious behavior.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Shijia Li , Jiang Ming , Lanqing Liu , Longwei Yang , Ni Zhang , Chunfu Jia

Ransomware constitutes a significant threat to the Android operating system. It can either lock or encrypt the target devices, and victims are forced to pay ransoms to restore their data. Hence, the prompt detection of such attacks has a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Michele Scalas , Davide Maiorca , Francesco Mercaldo , Corrado Aaron Visaggio , Fabio Martinelli , Giorgio Giacinto

Ransomware, a class of self-propagating malware that uses encryption to hold the victims' data ransom, has emerged in recent years as one of the most dangerous cyber threats, with widespread damage; e.g., zero-day ransomware WannaCry has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Qian Chen , Robert A. Bridges

Machine learning-based malware detection systems are often vulnerable to evasion attacks, in which a malware developer manipulates their malicious software such that it is misclassified as benign. Such software hides some properties of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Shirish Singh , Gail Kaiser

Researchers have proposed a wide range of ransomware detection and analysis schemes. However, most of these efforts have focused on older families targeting Windows 7/8 systems. Hence there is a critical need to develop efficient solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Aldin Vehabovic , Hadi Zanddizari , Farook Shaikh , Nasir Ghani , Morteza Safaei Pour , Elias Bou-Harb , Jorge Crichigno

Malware detection is an ever-present challenge for all organizational gatekeepers, who must maintain high detection rates while minimizing interruptions to the organization's workflow. To improve detection rates, organizations often deploy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Yoni Birman , Shaked Hindi , Gilad Katz , Asaf Shabtai

Recent statistics show that in 2015 more than 140 millions new malware samples have been found. Among these, a large portion is due to ransomware, the class of malware whose specific goal is to render the victim's system unusable, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Daniele Sgandurra , Luis Muñoz-González , Rabih Mohsen , Emil C. Lupu

Ransomware is a growing threat that typically operates by either encrypting a victim's files or locking a victim's computer until the victim pays a ransom. However, it is still challenging to detect such malware timely with existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Hyoungshick Kim , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

The rapid growth of Cloud Computing and Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly increased the interconnection of computational resources, creating an environment where malicious software (malware) can spread rapidly. To address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Themistoklis Diamantopoulos , Dimosthenis Natsos , Andreas L. Symeonidis

Recent progress in machine learning has generated promising results in behavioral malware detection. Behavioral modeling identifies malicious processes via features derived by their runtime behavior. Behavioral features hold great promise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Fabio De Gaspari , Dorjan Hitaj , Giulio Pagnotta , Lorenzo De Carli , Luigi V. Mancini

Dynamic malware analysis executes the program in an isolated environment and monitors its run-time behaviour (e.g. system API calls) for malware detection. This technique has been proven to be effective against various code obfuscation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Zhaoqi Zhang , Panpan Qi , Wei Wang

Since modern anti-virus software mainly depends on a signature-based static analysis, they are not suitable for coping with the rapid increase in malware variants. Moreover, even worse, many vulnerabilities of operating systems enable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Manabu Hirano , Ryotaro Kobayashi

Computing is still under a significant threat from ransomware, which necessitates prompt action to prevent it. Ransomware attacks can have a negative impact on how smart grids, particularly digital substations. In addition to examining a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Hong-Nhung Nguyen , Ha-Thanh Nguyen , Damien Lescos

Ransomware continues to evolve in complexity, making early and explainable detection a critical requirement for modern cybersecurity systems. This study presents a comparative analysis of three Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Elodie Mutombo Ngoie , Mike Nkongolo Wa Nkongolo , Peace Azugo , Mahmut Tokmak

When malware employs an unseen zero-day exploit, traditional security measures such as vulnerability scanners and antivirus software can fail to detect them. This is because these tools rely on known patches and signatures, which do not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Jinting Zhu , Julian Jang-Jaccard , Ian Welch , Harith AI-Sahaf , Seyit Camtepe , Aeryn Dunmore , Cybersecurity Lab

This study provides a comprehensive synthesis of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), in ransomware defense. Using a "review of reviews" methodology based on PRISMA, this paper gathers…