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Recent multi-modal contrastive learning models have demonstrated the ability to learn an embedding space suitable for building strong vision classifiers, by leveraging the rich information in large-scale image-caption datasets. Our work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yuhui Zhang , Jeff Z. HaoChen , Shih-Cheng Huang , Kuan-Chieh Wang , James Zou , Serena Yeung

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit systematic errors on specific subsets of data, known as error slices. For instance, a slice can correspond to a certain demographic, where a model does poorly in identifying toxic comments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Minhui Zhang , Prahar Ijner , Yoav Wald , Elliot Creager

Despite the great performance of deep learning models in many areas, they still make mistakes and underperform on certain subsets of data, i.e. error slices. Given a trained model, it is important to identify its semantically coherent error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Han Yu , Hao Zou , Jiashuo Liu , Renzhe Xu , Yue He , Xingxuan Zhang , Peng Cui

Reliably detecting when a deployed machine learning model is likely to fail on a given input is crucial for ensuring safe operation. In this work, we propose DECIDER (Debiasing Classifiers to Identify Errors Reliably), a novel approach that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Rakshith Subramanyam , Kowshik Thopalli , Vivek Narayanaswamy , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Machine learning models make mistakes, yet sometimes it is difficult to identify the systematic problems behind the mistakes. Practitioners engage in various activities, including error analysis, testing, auditing, and red-teaming, to form…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Chenyang Yang , Yining Hong , Grace A. Lewis , Tongshuang Wu , Christian Kästner

Systematic failures of computer vision models on subsets with coherent visual patterns, known as error slices, pose a critical challenge for robust model evaluation. Existing slice discovery methods are primarily developed for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Wei Zhang , Chaoqun Wang , Zixuan Guan , Sam Kao , Pengfei Zhao , Peng Wu , Sifeng He

Machine learning (ML) models that achieve high average accuracy can still underperform on semantically coherent subsets ("slices") of data. This behavior can have significant societal consequences for the safety or bias of the model in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Nari Johnson , Ángel Alexander Cabrera , Gregory Plumb , Ameet Talwalkar

Detecting latent structure within a dataset is a crucial step in performing analysis of a dataset. However, existing state-of-the-art techniques for subclass discovery are limited: either they are limited to detecting very small numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Patrick Kage , Pavlos Andreadis

Despite strong average-case performance, deep learning models often exhibit systematic errors on specific population groups, known as error slices. Identifying these groups and the root causes of their failures is critical for model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yael Konforti , Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga , Elaf Almahmoud , Mateja Jamnik

Pretrained natural language processing (NLP) models have achieved high overall performance, but they still make systematic errors. Instead of manual error analysis, research on slice detection models (SDM), which automatically identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Wenyue Hua , Lifeng Jin , Linfeng Song , Haitao Mi , Yongfeng Zhang , Dong Yu

We introduce LADDER (Learning through Autonomous Difficulty-Driven Example Recursion), a framework which enables Large Language Models to autonomously improve their problem-solving capabilities through self-guided learning by recursively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Toby Simonds , Akira Yoshiyama

We present a method for identifying groups of test examples -- slices -- on which a model under-performs, a task now known as slice discovery. We formalize coherence -- a requirement that erroneous predictions, within a slice, should be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Fulton Wang , Julius Adebayo , Sarah Tan , Diego Garcia-Olano , Narine Kokhlikyan

Real-world machine learning models require rigorous evaluation before deployment, especially in safety-critical domains like autonomous driving and surveillance. The evaluation of machine learning models often focuses on data slices, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Xinyuan Yan , Xiwei Xuan , Jorge Piazentin Ono , Jiajing Guo , Vikram Mohanty , Shekar Arvind Kumar , Liang Gou , Bei Wang , Liu Ren

Machine learning models that achieve high overall accuracy often make systematic errors on important subsets (or slices) of data. Identifying underperforming slices is particularly challenging when working with high-dimensional inputs (e.g.…

Automated slicing aims to identify subsets of evaluation data where a trained model performs anomalously. This is an important problem for machine learning pipelines in production since it plays a key role in model debugging and comparison,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Zifan Liu , Evan Rosen , Paul Suganthan G. C

Outlier detection is an important problem occurring in a wide range of areas. Outliers are the outcome of fraudulent behaviour, mechanical faults, human error, or simply natural deviations. Many data mining applications perform outlier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Juan A. Lara , David Lizcano , Víctor Rampérez , Javier Soriano

Contrastive Language Image Pre-training (CLIP) has recently demonstrated success across various tasks due to superior feature representation empowered by image-text contrastive learning. However, the instance discrimination method used by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Xiang An , Kaicheng Yang , Xiangzi Dai , Ziyong Feng , Jiankang Deng

Machine learning models can perform well on in-distribution data but often fail on biased subgroups that are underrepresented in the training data, hindering the robustness of models for reliable applications. Such subgroups are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Zeliang Zhang , Mingqian Feng , Zhiheng Li , Chenliang Xu

Novel Class Discovery aims to utilise prior knowledge of known classes to classify and discover unknown classes from unlabelled data. Existing NCD methods for images primarily rely on visual features, which suffer from limitations such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yuetong Su , Baoguo Wei , Xinyu Wang , Xu Li , Lixin Li

Slice discovery methods (SDMs) are prominent algorithms for finding systematic weaknesses in DNNs. They identify top-k semantically coherent slices/subsets of data where a DNN-under-test has low performance. For being directly useful,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Sujan Sai Gannamaneni , Rohil Prakash Rao , Michael Mock , Maram Akila , Stefan Wrobel
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