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This article introduces the "chart & chirp" method of one-shot, in situ VCO tuning curve estimation, learning, and predistortion, which provides an alternative to prevailing LMS-based background calibration loops. The proposed approach…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Averal N. Kandala , Ali M. Niknejad

Error correction code (ECC) is an integral part of the physical communication layer, ensuring reliable data transfer over noisy channels. Recently, neural decoders have demonstrated their advantage over classical decoding techniques.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Yoni Choukroun , Lior Wolf

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is critical in reducing the impact of noise in the pre-fault-tolerant era, and is expected to complement error correction in fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). In this paper, we propose a novel QEM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Dror Baron , Huiyang Zhou

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) show potential for quantum advantage in the near term of quantum computing, but demand a level of accuracy that surpasses the current capabilities of NISQ devices. To systematically mitigate the impact…

Virtual distillation has been proposed as an error mitigation protocol for estimating the expectation values of observables in quantum algorithms. It proceeds by creating a cyclic permutation of $M$ noisy copies of a quantum state using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-21 Pontus Vikstål , Giulia Ferrini , Shruti Puri

Noise remains one of the most significant challenges in the development of reliable and scalable quantum processors. While quantum error correction and mitigation techniques offer potential solutions, they are often limited by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Mathys Rennela , Harold Ollivier

Quantitative electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables the measurement of magnetic moments with elemental and atomic site sensitivity, but its practical application is fundamentally…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-29 Hitoshi Makino , Bernd Rellinghaus , Sebastian Schneider , Axel Lubk , Darius Pohl

Quantum noise in real-world devices poses a significant challenge in achieving practical quantum advantage, since accurately compiled and executed circuits are typically deep and highly susceptible to decoherence. To facilitate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Pre-fault tolerant quantum computers have already demonstrated the ability to estimate observable values accurately, at a scale beyond brute-force classical computation. This has been enabled by error mitigation techniques that often rely…

In near-term quantum computations that do not employ error correction, noise can proliferate rapidly, corrupting the quantum state and making results unreliable. These errors originate from both decoherence and control imprecision. The…

Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement using dry electrodes has a problem with high-intensity noise distortion. Hence, a robust noise reduction method is required. However, overlapping frequency bands of ECG and noise make noise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Takamasa Terada , Masahiro Toyoura

Advancing quantum information processors and building fault-tolerant architectures rely on the ability to accurately characterize the noise sources and suppress their impact on quantum devices. In practice, noise often drifts over time,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Devansh Bhardwaj , Evangelia Takou , Yingjia Lin , Kenneth R. Brown

Probabilistic error cancellation (PEC) is unbiased but suffers exponential sampling overhead set by noise-weighted circuit volume, whereas quantum error-detecting codes (QEDCs) remove many physical faults by stabilizer post-selection but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Yi Yuan , Yuanchen Zhao , Dong E. Liu

A major challenge in developing quantum computing technologies is to accomplish high precision tasks by utilizing multiplex optimization approaches, on both the physical system and algorithm levels. Loss functions assessing the overall…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Zhen Wang , Yanzhu Chen , Zixuan Song , Dayue Qin , Hekang Li , Qiujiang Guo , H. Wang , Chao Song , Ying Li

The challenge to achieve practical quantum computing considering current hardware size and gate fidelity is the sensitivity to errors and noise. Recent work has shown that by learning the underlying noise model capturing qubit cross-talk,…

Noise in quantum hardware remains the biggest roadblock for the implementation of quantum computers. To fight the noise in the practical application of near-term quantum computers, instead of relying on quantum error correction which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Zhenyu Cai

With the advent of quantum processors exceeding $100$ qubits and the high engineering complexities involved, there is a need for holistically benchmarking the processor to have quality assurance. Linear cross-entropy benchmarking (XEB) has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Jianxin Chen , Dawei Ding , Cupjin Huang , Linghang Kong

We present a unified approach to analyzing the cost of various quantum error mitigation methods on the basis of quantum estimation theory. By analyzing the quantum Fisher information matrix of a virtual quantum circuit that effectively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-31 Kento Tsubouchi , Takahiro Sagawa , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Excess noise is a major obstacle to high-performance continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD), which is mainly derived from the amplitude attenuation and phase fluctuation of quantum signals caused by channel instability. Here,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-22 Kexin Liang , Geng Chai , Zhengwen Cao , Qing Wang , Lei Wang , Jinye Peng

Finding ground states and low-lying excitations of a given Hamiltonian is one of the most important problems in many fields of physics. As a novel approach, quantum computing on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices offers the…