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In this paper, we study the problem of networked multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where a number of agents are deployed as a partially connected network and each interacts only with nearby agents. Networked MARL requires all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Yuxuan Yi , Ge Li , Yaowei Wang , Zongqing Lu

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach to tackle complex tasks that are difficult for individual LLMs. A natural strategy is to scale performance by increasing the number of agents; however, we find that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yingxuan Yang , Chengrui Qu , Muning Wen , Laixi Shi , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang , Adam Wierman , Shangding Gu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved notable success in cooperative tasks, demonstrating impressive performance and scalability. However, deploying MARL agents in real-world applications presents critical safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zeyang Li , Navid Azizan

Climate policy development faces significant challenges due to deep uncertainty, complex system dynamics, and competing stakeholder interests. Climate simulation methods, such as Earth System Models, have become valuable tools for policy…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-11 James Rudd-Jones , Mirco Musolesi , María Pérez-Ortiz

Many scenarios in mobility and traffic involve multiple different agents that need to cooperate to find a joint solution. Recent advances in behavioral planning use Reinforcement Learning to find effective and performant behavior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Lukas M. Schmidt , Johanna Brosig , Axel Plinge , Bjoern M. Eskofier , Christopher Mutschler

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms often struggle to find strategies close to Pareto optimal Nash Equilibrium, owing largely to the lack of efficient exploration. The problem is exacerbated in sparse-reward settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zhicheng Zhang , Yancheng Liang , Yi Wu , Fei Fang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) and reinforcement learning (RL) are widely used to enhance the agentic capabilities of large language models (LLMs). MAS improves task performance through role-based orchestration, while RL uses environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yujie Zhao , Lanxiang Hu , Yang Wang , Minmin Hou , Hao Zhang , Ke Ding , Jishen Zhao

Cooperation is fundamental in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often requiring agents to balance individual gains with collective rewards. In this regard, this paper aims to investigate strategies to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vaigarai Sathi , Sabahat Shaik , Jaswanth Nidamanuri

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, intelligent decision-making techniques have gradually surpassed human levels in various human-machine competitions, especially in complex multi-agent cooperative task scenarios.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Weiqiang Jin , Hongyang Du , Biao Zhao , Xingwu Tian , Bohang Shi , Guang Yang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by large language models suffer from severe token inefficiency arising from two compounding sources: (i) unstructured parallel execution, where all agents activate simultaneously irrespective of input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mohit Dubey

In real-world environments, autonomous agents rely on their egocentric observations. They must learn adaptive strategies to interact with others who possess mixed motivations, discernible only through visible cues. Several Multi-Agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Violet Xiang , Logan Cross , Jan-Philipp Fränken , Nick Haber

Achieving distributed reinforcement learning (RL) for large-scale cooperative multi-agent systems (MASs) is challenging because: (i) each agent has access to only limited information; (ii) issues on convergence or computational complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gangshan Jing , He Bai , Jemin George , Aranya Chakrabortty , Piyush K. Sharma

Diversity plays a crucial role in improving the performance of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Currently, many diversity-based methods have been developed to overcome the drawbacks of excessive parameter sharing in traditional…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Tianyi Hu , Zhiqiang Pu , Xiaolin Ai , Tenghai Qiu , Jianqiang Yi

We propose a multimodal (vision-and-language) benchmark for cooperative and heterogeneous multi-agent learning. We introduce a benchmark multimodal dataset with tasks involving collaboration between multiple simulated heterogeneous robots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Vasu Sharma , Prasoon Goyal , Kaixiang Lin , Govind Thattai , Qiaozi Gao , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Deploying teams of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to harvest data from distributed Internet of Things (IoT) devices requires efficient trajectory planning and coordination algorithms. Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has emerged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jichao Chen , Omid Esrafilian , Harald Bayerlein , David Gesbert , Marco Caccamo

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-assisted mobile crowdsensing (MCS) has emerged as a promising paradigm for data collection. However, challenges such as spectrum scarcity, device heterogeneity, and user mobility hinder efficient coordination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Xianyang Deng , Wenshuai Liu , Yaru FuB , Qi Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as the execution core of autonomous agents rather than as standalone text generators. Agentic workloads induce a temporal shift from single-turn inference to multi-turn LLM-tool loops,…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yifei Wang , Hancheng Ye , Yechen Xu , Cong Guo , Chiyue Wei , Qinsi Wang , Dongting Li , Tingjun Chen , Hai "Helen" Li , Danyang Zhuo , Yiran Chen

We consider the problem of robust multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) for cooperative communication and coordination tasks. MARL agents, mainly those trained in a centralized way, can be brittle because they can adopt policies that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-16 T. van der Heiden , C. Salge , E. Gavves , H. van Hoof

Analyzing animal and human behavior has long been a challenging task in computer vision. Early approaches from the 1970s to the 1990s relied on hand-crafted edge detection, segmentation, and low-level features such as color, shape, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Hung-Shuo Chang , Yue-Cheng Yang , Yu-Hsi Chen , Wei-Hsin Chen , Chien-Yao Wang , James C. Liao , Chien-Chang Chen , Hen-Hsen Huang , Hong-Yuan Mark Liao

Recently, deep multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has shown the promise to solve complex cooperative tasks. Its success is partly because of parameter sharing among agents. However, such sharing may lead agents to behave similarly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Chenghao Li , Tonghan Wang , Chengjie Wu , Qianchuan Zhao , Jun Yang , Chongjie Zhang