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Quantum low-density parity-check codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing with considerably reduced overhead compared to the surface code. However, the lack of a practical decoding algorithm remains a barrier to…

Spatially coupled low-density parity-check codes show an outstanding performance under the low-complexity belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm. They exhibit a peculiar convergence phenomenon above the BP threshold of the underlying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Vahid Aref , Laurent Schmalen , Stephan ten Brink

Low-density parity-check codes, a class of capacity-approaching linear codes, are particularly recognized for their efficient decoding scheme. The decoding scheme, known as the sum-product, is an iterative algorithm consisting of passing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-27 Nima Noorshams , Aravind Iyengar

We propose and analyze a hierarchical quantum error correction (QEC) scheme that concatenates hypergraph product (HGP) codes with rotated surface codes, which is compatible with quantum computers with only nearest-neighbor interactions. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Junichi Haruna , Keisuke Fujii

Quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) are necessary for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Surface codes are a class of topological QECCs that have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional error-correcting capabilities and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Jifan Liang , Qianfan Wang , Lvzhou Li , Xiao Ma

Hypergraph product codes are a class of constant-rate quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes equipped with a linear-time decoder called small-set-flip (SSF). This decoder displays sub-optimal performance in practice and requires very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Antoine Grospellier , Lucien Grouès , Anirudh Krishna , Anthony Leverrier

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is an emerging paradigm for efficient enabling of massive connectivity in future machine-type communications (MTC). In this letter, we conceive the uplink transmissions of the low-density parity check…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Lingyun Chai , Zilong Liu , Pei Xiao , Amine Maaref , Lin Bai

We propose a new decoder for "matchable'' qLDPC codes that uses a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm - called the worm algorithm - to approximately compute the probabilities of logical error classes given a syndrome. The algorithm hence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Zac Tobias , Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Benedikt Placke

New algorithms for efficient decoding of polar codes (which may be CRC-augmented), transmitted over either a binary erasure channel (BEC) or an additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGNC), are presented. We start by presenting a new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Yonatan Urman , Guy Mogilevsky , David Burshtein

Fast, scalable decoding architectures that operate in a block-wise parallel fashion across space and time are essential for real-time fault-tolerant quantum computing. We introduce a scalable AI-based pre-decoder for the surface code that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Christopher Chamberland , Jan Olle , Muyuan Li , Scott Thornton , Igor Baratta

Ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) operate with short packets, where finite-blocklength effects make near-maximum-likelihood (near-ML) decoding desirable but often too costly. This paper proposes a two-stage near-ML decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yubeen Jo , Geon Choi , Yongjune Kim , Namyoon Lee

This study investigates the problem of learning linear block codes optimized for Belief-Propagation decoders significantly improving performance compared to the state-of-the-art. Our previous research is extended with an enhanced system…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Louis-Adrien Dufrène , Quentin Lampin , Guillaume Larue

In this paper, we consider the problem of iterative detection and decoding (IDD) for multi-antenna systems using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. The proposed IDD system consists of a soft-input soft-output parallel interference (PIC)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-24 Jingjing Liu , Peng Li , Rodrigo C. de Lamare

In this paper, we propose a new linear-equation ordered-statistics decoding (LE-OSD). Unlike the OSD, LE-OSD uses high reliable parity bits rather than information bits to recover the codeword estimates, which is equivalent to solving a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Chentao Yue , Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam , Giyoon Park , Ok-Sun Park , Branka Vucetic , Yonghui Li

Dimensionality reduction (DR) of data is a crucial issue for many machine learning tasks, such as pattern recognition and data classification. In this paper, we present a quantum algorithm and a quantum circuit to efficiently perform linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-03 Kai Yu , Gong-De Guo , Song Lin

The development and use of large-scale quantum computers relies on integrating quantum error-correcting (QEC) schemes into the quantum computing pipeline. A fundamental part of the QEC protocol is the decoding of the syndrome to identify a…

This work introduces a novel, fully differentiable linear-time complexity transformer decoder and a transformer decoder to correct 5G New Radio (NR) LDPC. We propose a scalable approach to decode linear block codes with $O(n)$ complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Mario Hernandez , Fernando Pinero

A parity-check stopping (PCS) criterion for turbo decoding is proposed in [1], which shows its priority compared with the stopping criteria of Sign Change Ratio (SCR), Sign Difference Ratio (SDR), Cross Entropy (CE) and improved CEbased…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-27 Yuejun Wei , Yuhang Yang , Lili Wei , Wen Chen

This paper proposes two approaches for reducing the impact of the error floor phenomenon when decoding quantum low-density parity-check codes with belief propagation based algorithms. First, a low-complexity syndrome-based linear…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Sana Javed , Francisco Garcia-Herrero , Bane Vasic , Mark F. Flanagan

The inherent degeneracy of quantum low-density parity-check codes poses a challenge to their decoding, as it significantly degrades the error-correction performance of classical message-passing decoders. To improve their performance, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Julien du Crest , Francisco Garcia-Herrero , Mehdi Mhalla , Valentin Savin , Javier Valls