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Attention-based recurrent neural encoder-decoder models present an elegant solution to the automatic speech recognition problem. This approach folds the acoustic model, pronunciation model, and language model into a single network and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Shubham Toshniwal , Anjuli Kannan , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Yonghui Wu , Tara N Sainath , Karen Livescu

Neural speech codecs have revolutionized speech coding, achieving higher compression while preserving audio fidelity. Beyond compression, they have emerged as tokenization strategies, enabling language modeling on speech and driving…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Wei-Cheng Tseng , David Harwath

In this paper, we propose a personalized neural speech codec, envisioning that personalization can reduce the model complexity or improve perceptual speech quality. Despite the common usage of speech codecs where only a single talker is…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Inseon Jang , Haici Yang , Wootaek Lim , Seungkwon Beack , Minje Kim

Bandwidth extension, the task of reconstructing the high-frequency components of an audio signal from its low-pass counterpart, is a long-standing problem in audio processing. While traditional approaches have evolved alongside the broader…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Benoît Giniès , Xiaoyu Bie , Olivier Fercoq , Gaël Richard

Neural speech codecs have demonstrated their ability to compress high-quality speech and audio by converting them into discrete token representations. Most existing methods utilize Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) to encode speech into…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Peiji Yang , Fengping Wang , Yicheng Zhong , Huawei Wei , Zhisheng Wang

The integration of artificial intelligence into hearing assistance marks a paradigm shift from traditional amplification-based systems to intelligent, context-aware audio processing. This systematic literature review evaluates advances in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Haris Khan , Shumaila Asif , Hassan Nasir , Kamran Aziz Bhatti , Shahzad Amin Sheikh

Recently, brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in solving pattern recognition tasks. However, these SNNs are grounded on homogeneous neurons that utilize a uniform neural coding for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Xinyi Chen , Qu Yang , Jibin Wu , Haizhou Li , Kay Chen Tan

The advent of neural audio codecs has increased in popularity due to their potential for efficiently modeling audio with transformers. Such advanced codecs represent audio from a highly continuous waveform to low-sampled discrete units. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Samir Sadok , Julien Hauret , Éric Bavu

In this paper, we summarize recent progresses made in deep learning based acoustic models and the motivation and insights behind the surveyed techniques. We first discuss acoustic models that can effectively exploit variable-length…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-30 Dong Yu , Jinyu Li

Neural audio codecs, neural networks which compress a waveform into discrete tokens, play a crucial role in the recent development of audio generative models. State-of-the-art codecs rely on the end-to-end training of an autoencoder and a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zineb Lahrichi , Gaëtan Hadjeres , Gael Richard , Geoffroy Peeters

Neural audio codecs (NACs) provide compact latent speech representations in the form of sequences of continuous vectors or discrete tokens. In this work, we investigate how these two types of speech representations compare when used as…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sofiene Kammoun , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Simon Leglaive

Speech coding facilitates the transmission of speech over low-bandwidth networks with minimal distortion. Neural-network based speech codecs have recently demonstrated significant improvements in quality over traditional approaches. While…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Ali Siahkoohi , Michael Chinen , Tom Denton , W. Bastiaan Kleijn , Jan Skoglund

Noise robustness remains a critical challenge for deploying neural speech codecs in real-world acoustic scenarios where background noise is often inevitable. A key observation we make is that even slight input noise perturbations can cause…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Rui-Chen Zheng , Yang Ai , Hui-Peng Du , Li-Rong Dai

Speech compression is commonly used to send voice over radio channels in applications such as mobile telephony and two-way push-to-talk (PTT) radio. In classical systems, the speech codec is combined with forward error correction,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 David Rowe , Jean-Marc Valin

Low and ultra-low-bitrate neural speech coding achieves unprecedented coding gain by generating speech signals from compact speech features. This paper introduces additional coding efficiency in neural speech coding by reducing the temporal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-07 Haici Yang , Wootaek Lim , Minje Kim

Automated audio captioning (AAC), a task that mimics human perception as well as innovatively links audio processing and natural language processing, has overseen much progress over the last few years. AAC requires recognizing contents such…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Xuenan Xu , Zeyu Xie , Mengyue Wu , Kai Yu

We introduce a state-of-the-art real-time, high-fidelity, audio codec leveraging neural networks. It consists in a streaming encoder-decoder architecture with quantized latent space trained in an end-to-end fashion. We simplify and speed-up…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Alexandre Défossez , Jade Copet , Gabriel Synnaeve , Yossi Adi

In recent years, large language models have achieved significant success in generative tasks related to speech, audio, music, and other signal domains. A crucial element of these models is the discrete acoustic codecs, which serve as an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-05 Shengpeng Ji , Minghui Fang , Jialong Zuo , Ziyue Jiang , Dingdong Wang , Hanting Wang , Hai Huang , Zhou Zhao

Conventional audio coding technologies commonly leverage human perception of sound, or psychoacoustics, to reduce the bitrate while preserving the perceptual quality of the decoded audio signals. For neural audio codecs, however, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Kai Zhen , Mi Suk Lee , Jongmo Sung , Seungkwon Beack , Minje Kim

Neural network based approaches to speech enhancement have shown to be particularly powerful, being able to leverage a data-driven approach to result in a significant performance gain versus other approaches. Such approaches are reliant on…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-15 George Close , William Ravenscroft , Thomas Hain , Stefan Goetze