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Existing challenges in misinformation exposure and susceptibility vary across demographic groups, as some populations are more vulnerable to misinformation than others. Large language models (LLMs) introduce new dimensions to these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Angana Borah , Rada Mihalcea , Verónica Pérez-Rosas

The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has created new disruptive possibilities for persuasive communication, enabling fully-automated, personalized, and interactive content generation at an unprecedented scale. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sander Noels , Alexander Rogiers , Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Adversarial information operations can destabilize societies by undermining fair elections, manipulating public opinions on policies, and promoting scams. Despite their widespread occurrence and potential impacts, our understanding of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Keith Burghardt , Kai Chen , Kristina Lerman

Large language models (LLMs) can reproduce a wide variety of rhetorical styles and generate text that expresses a broad spectrum of sentiments. This capacity, now available at low cost, makes them powerful tools for manipulation and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yaqub Chaudhary , Jonnie Penn

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in reasoning, planning, and decision-making tasks, making their trustworthiness critical. A significant and underexplored risk is intentional deception, where an LLM deliberately fabricates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zhaomin Wu , Mingzhe Du , See-Kiong Ng , Bingsheng He

Misinformation regarding climate change is a key roadblock in addressing one of the most serious threats to humanity. This paper investigates factual accuracy in large language models (LLMs) regarding climate information. Using true/false…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Michael Fore , Simranjit Singh , Chaehong Lee , Amritanshu Pandey , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Dimitrios Stamoulis

Fake news significantly influences decision-making processes by misleading individuals, organizations, and even governments. Large language models (LLMs), as part of generative AI, can amplify this problem by generating highly convincing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lionel Z. Wang , Ka Chung Ng , Yiming Ma , Wenqi Fan

Fake news poses a significant threat to the integrity of information ecosystems and public trust. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) holds considerable promise for transforming the battle against fake news. Generally, LLMs represent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Dorsaf Sallami , Yuan-Chen Chang , Esma Aïmeur

Modern AI technology like Large language models (LLMs) has the potential to pollute the public information sphere with made-up content, which poses a significant threat to the cohesion of societies at large. A wide range of research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Steffen Herbold , Alexander Trautsch , Zlata Kikteva , Annette Hautli-Janisz

Human communication is motivated: people speak, write, and create content with a particular communicative intent in mind. As a result, information that large language models (LLMs) and AI agents process is inherently framed by humans'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Addison J. Wu , Ryan Liu , Kerem Oktar , Theodore R. Sumers , Thomas L. Griffiths

The emergent capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have prompted interest in using them as surrogates for human subjects in opinion surveys. However, prior evaluations of LLM-based opinion simulation have relied heavily on costly,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Terrence Neumann , Maria De-Arteaga , Sina Fazelpour

We explore the ability of large language models (LLMs) to engage in subtle deception through strategically phrasing and intentionally manipulating information. This harmful behavior can be hard to detect, unlike blatant lying or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Atharvan Dogra , Krishna Pillutla , Ameet Deshpande , Ananya B Sai , John Nay , Tanmay Rajpurohit , Ashwin Kalyan , Balaraman Ravindran

Recent ubiquity and disruptive impacts of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about their potential to be misused (.i.e, generating large-scale harmful and misleading content). To combat this emerging risk of LLMs, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Jason Lucas , Adaku Uchendu , Michiharu Yamashita , Jooyoung Lee , Shaurya Rohatgi , Dongwon Lee

The increasing prevalence of online misinformation has heightened the demand for automated fact-checking solutions. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as potential tools for assisting in this task, but their effectiveness remains…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Nicolo' Fontana , Francesco Corso , Enrico Zuccolotto , Francesco Pierri

Large Language Models (LLMs) are a double-edged sword capable of generating harmful misinformation -- inadvertently, or when prompted by "jailbreak" attacks that attempt to produce malicious outputs. LLMs could, with additional research, be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Ayana Hussain , Patrick Zhao , Nicholas Vincent

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

Large language models (LLMs) have exploded in popularity in the past few years and have achieved undeniably impressive results on benchmarks as varied as question answering and text summarization. We provide a simple new prompting strategy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Joshua Albrecht , Ellie Kitanidis , Abraham J. Fetterman

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of fake news, particularly in complex fields like healthcare. Studies highlight the gap in the deceptive power of LLM-generated fake news with and without human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Yanshen Sun , Jianfeng He , Limeng Cui , Shuo Lei , Chang-Tien Lu

In an age characterized by the proliferation of mis- and disinformation online, it is critical to empower readers to understand the content they are reading. Important efforts in this direction rely on manual or automatic fact-checking,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zain Muhammad Mujahid , Dilshod Azizov , Maha Tufail Agro , Preslav Nakov

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for accessing information on the web. Their truthfulness and factuality are thus of great interest. To help users make the right decisions about the information they get, LLMs should not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Chenglei Si , Navita Goyal , Sherry Tongshuang Wu , Chen Zhao , Shi Feng , Hal Daumé , Jordan Boyd-Graber