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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in open-vocabulary perceptual tasks, yet their ability to solve complex cognitive problems remains limited, especially when visual details are abstract and require…

Fine-grained ship instance segmentation in satellite images holds considerable significance for monitoring maritime activities at sea. However, existing datasets often suffer from the scarcity of fine-grained information or pixel-wise…

Preserving interpretability in fuzzy rule-based systems (FRBS) is vital for water treatment, where decisions impact public health. While structural interpretability has been addressed using multi-objective algorithms, semantic…

Earth observation is fundamental for a range of human activities including flood response as it offers vital information to decision makers. Semantic segmentation plays a key role in mapping the raw hyper-spectral data coming from the…

Self-supervised learning is emerging in fine-grained visual recognition with promising results. However, existing self-supervised learning methods are often susceptible to irrelevant patterns in self-supervised tasks and lack the capability…

Few-shot learning (FSL) presents a challenging learning problem in which only a few samples are available for each class. Decision interpretation is more important in few-shot classification due to a greater chance of error compared to…

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have rapidly advanced and show strong promise for text-based person search (TBPS), a task that requires capturing fine-grained relationships between images and text to distinguish individuals. Previous methods…

The time series classification literature has expanded rapidly over the last decade, with many new classification approaches published each year. Prior research has mostly focused on improving the accuracy and efficiency of classifiers,…

Deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many classification tasks. However, most of them cannot provide an interpretation for their classification results. Machine learning models that are interpretable are…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities, yet updating their knowledge remains a significant challenge, often leading to outdated or inaccurate responses. A proposed solution is the integration of external knowledge…

Multi-node communication, which refers to the interaction among multiple devices, has attracted lots of attention in many Internet-of-Things (IoT) scenarios. However, its huge amounts of data flows and inflexibility for task extension have…

Recent vision-language models outperform vision-only models on many image classification tasks. However, because of the absence of paired text/image descriptions, it remains difficult to fine-tune these models for fine-grained image…

Fine-Grained Image Classification (FGIC) remains a complex task in computer vision, as it requires models to distinguish between categories with subtle localized visual differences. Well-studied CNN-based models, while strong in local…

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) map images to human-interpretable concepts before making class predictions. Recent approaches automate CBM construction by prompting Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate text concepts and employing Vision…

Understanding the functional organization of higher visual cortex is a central focus in neuroscience. Past studies have primarily mapped the visual and semantic selectivity of neural populations using hand-selected stimuli, which may…

In the area of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), fine-grained vehicle classification systems play an essential role. Recently, the authors have presented a novel vision-based classification approach in which standard end-to-end…

Explicit Chain-of-Thought improves the reasoning performance of large language models but often incurs high inference cost due to verbose token-level traces. While recent approaches reduce this overhead via concise prompting or step…

As an emerging interpretable technique, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) adopt neural networks to individually learn non-linear functions for each feature, which are then combined through a linear model for final predictions. Although…

The wide adoption of machine learning approaches in the industry, government, medicine and science has renewed the interest in interpretable machine learning: many decisions are too important to be delegated to black-box techniques such as…

Current remote-sensing interpretation models often focus on a single task such as detection, segmentation, or caption. However, the task-specific designed models are unattainable to achieve the comprehensive multi-level interpretation of…