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Across all kingdoms of biological life, protein-coding genes exhibit unequal usage of synonmous codons. Although alternative theories abound, translational selection has been accepted as an important mechanism that shapes the patterns of…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2008-03-04 Julius B. Lucks , David R. Nelson , Grzegorz Kudla , Joshua B. Plotkin

We introduce a pioneering methodology for boosting large language models in the domain of protein representation learning. Our primary contribution lies in the refinement process for correlating the over-reliance on co-evolution knowledge,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Yaoyao Xu , Xinjian Zhao , Xiaozhuang Song , Benyou Wang , Tianshu Yu

Accurately annotating and controlling protein function from sequence data remains a major challenge, particularly within homologous families where annotated sequences are scarce and structural variation is minimal. We present a two-stage…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-22 Lorenzo Rosset , Martin Weigt , Francesco Zamponi

Recent advances in genomic sequencing technology have resulted in an abundance of genome sequence data. Despite the progress in interpreting those data, there remains a broad scope for their translation into clinical and societal benefits.…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-13 Abhinav Jain , Greg Slabaugh , Deepti Gurdasani

The marine environment is one of the most important sources for microbial biodiversity on the planet. These microbes are drivers for many biogeochemical processes, and their enormous genetic potential is still not fully explored or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-15 Espen Mikal Robertsen , Tim Kahlke , Inge Alexander Raknes , Edvard Pedersen , Erik Kjærner Semb , Martin Ernstsen , Lars Ailo Bongo , Nils Peder Willassen

Cells of diatoms and related algae with complex plastids of red algal origin are highly compartmentalized. These plastids are surrounded by four envelope membranes, which also define the periplastidic compartment (PPC), the space between…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-28 Ansgar Gruber , Cedar McKay , Miroslav Oborník , Gabrielle Rocap

Deep learning models have driven significant progress in predicting protein function and interactions at the protein level. While these advancements have been invaluable for many biological applications such as enzyme engineering and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yang Tan , Wenrui Gou , Bozitao Zhong , Liang Hong , Huiqun Yu , Bingxin Zhou

Proteomics will celebrate its 20th year in 2014. In this relatively short period of time, it has invaded most areas of biology and its use will probably continue to spread in the future. These two decades have seen a considerable increase…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2014-03-24 Thierry Rabilloud , Pierre Lescuyer

Proteins play a vital role in biological processes and are indispensable for living organisms. Accurate representation of proteins is crucial, especially in drug development. Recently, there has been a notable increase in interest in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-28 Dan Kalifa , Uriel Singer , Kira Radinsky

Machine- and deep-learning approaches for biological sequences depend critically on transforming raw DNA, RNA, and protein FASTA files into informative numerical representations. However, this process is often fragmented across multiple…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-01 Hamid Ismail , Marwan Bikdash

Recent advances in protein function prediction exploit graph-based deep learning approaches to correlate the structural and topological features of proteins with their molecular functions. However, proteins in vivo are not static but…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-22 Yuan Chiang , Wei-Han Hui , Shu-Wei Chang

We introduce a new model of proteins, which extends and enhances the traditional graphical representation by associating a combinatorial object called a fatgraph to any protein based upon its intrinsic geometry. Fatgraphs can easily be…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2009-05-30 R. C. Penner , Michael Knudsen , Carsten Wiuf , Joergen Ellegaard Andersen

Proteins are the workhorses of life and gaining insight on their functions is of paramount importance for applications such as drug design. However, the experimental validation of functions of proteins is highly-resource consuming.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Morteza Pourreza Shahri , Madhusudan Srinivasan , Gillian Reynolds , Diane Bimczok , Indika Kahanda , Upulee Kanewala

Feature selection is a combinatorial optimization problem that is NP-hard. Conventional approaches often employ heuristic or greedy strategies, which are prone to premature convergence and may fail to capture subtle yet informative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yusi Fan , Tian Wang , Zhiying Yan , Chang Liu , Qiong Zhou , Qi Lu , Zhehao Guo , Ziqi Deng , Wenyu Zhu , Ruochi Zhang , Fengfeng Zhou

The remarkable growth and significant success of machine learning have expanded its applications into programming languages and program analysis. However, a key challenge in adopting the latest machine learning methods is the representation…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Ali TehraniJamsaz , Quazi Ishtiaque Mahmud , Le Chen , Nesreen K. Ahmed , Ali Jannesari

Pangenome variation graphs (PVGs) allow for the representation of genetic diversity in a more nuanced way than traditional reference-based approaches. Here we focus on how PVGs are a powerful tool for studying genetic variation in viruses,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-18 Tim Downing

Protein quantification and analysis are well-accepted approaches for biomarker discovery but are limited to identification without structural information. High-throughput omics data (i.e., genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) have…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-13 Lucas Wilken , Nihjum Paul , Troy Timmerman , Sara A. Tolba , Amara Arshad , Di Wu , Wenjie Xia , Bakhtiyor Rasulev , Rick Jansen , Dali Sun

The ability to identify time periods when individuals are most susceptible to exposures, as well as the biological mechanisms through which these exposures act, is of great public health interest. Growing evidence supports an association…

Phosphorylation site prediction based on kinase-substrate interaction plays a vital role in understanding cellular signaling pathways and disease mechanisms. Computational methods for this task can be categorized into kinase-family-focused…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Jingjie Zhang , Hanqun Cao , Zijun Gao , Xiaorui Wang , Chunbin Gu

We introduce a unified Python package for the prediction of protein biophysical properties, streamlining previous tools developed by the Bio2Byte research group. This suite facilitates comprehensive assessments of protein characteristics,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-10 Jose Gavalda-Garcia , Adrian Diaz , Wim Vranken