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A fundamental issue in deep learning has been adversarial robustness. As these systems have scaled, such issues have persisted. Currently, large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters suffer from adversarial attacks just like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Brian Formento , Chuan Sheng Foo , See-Kiong Ng

While GNN-based detection methods excel at identifying overt outliers, they often struggle with boundary anomalies -- subtly camouflaged nodes that are difficult to distinguish from normal instances. This limitation highlights a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Hwan Kim , Junghoon Kim , Sungsu Lim

Glitch tokens, inputs that trigger unpredictable or anomalous behavior in Large Language Models (LLMs), pose significant challenges to model reliability and safety. Existing detection methods primarily rely on heuristic embedding patterns…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zihui Wu , Haichang Gao , Ping Wang , Shudong Zhang , Zhaoxiang Liu , Shiguo Lian

Machine learning (ML), especially deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used in various applications, including several safety-critical ones (e.g. autonomous driving). As a result, recent research about adversarial examples has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Huichen Li , Xiaojun Xu , Xiaolu Zhang , Shuang Yang , Bo Li

Deep learning algorithms have recently shown to be a successful tool in estimating parameters of statistical models for which simulation is easy, but likelihood computation is challenging. But the success of these approaches depends on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-20 Amanda Lenzi , Haavard Rue

The recent advances in machine learning in various fields of applications can be largely attributed to the rise of deep learning (DL) methods and architectures. Despite being a key technology behind autonomous cars, image processing, speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Carsten Hartmann , Lorenz Richter

Modern video games pose significant challenges for traditional automated testing algorithms, yet intensive testing is crucial to ensure game quality. To address these challenges, researchers designed gaming agents using Reinforcement…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yifei Chen , Sarra Habchi , Lili Wei

Reasoning models have demonstrated impressive performance on difficult tasks that traditional language models struggle at. However, many are plagued with the problem of overthinking--generating large amounts of unnecessary tokens which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Xiao Pu , Michael Saxon , Wenyue Hua , William Yang Wang

While the potential of deep learning (DL) for automating simple tasks is already well explored, recent research has started investigating the use of deep learning for creative design, both for complete artifact creation and supporting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Marcus Basalla , Johannes Schneider , Jan vom Brocke

We present DeepPerimeter, a deep learning based pipeline for inferring a full indoor perimeter (i.e. exterior boundary map) from a sequence of posed RGB images. Our method relies on robust deep methods for depth estimation and wall…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Ameya Phalak , Zhao Chen , Darvin Yi , Khushi Gupta , Vijay Badrinarayanan , Andrew Rabinovich

Deep learning (DL) systems are increasingly applied to safety-critical domains such as autonomous driving cars. It is of significant importance to ensure the reliability and robustness of DL systems. Existing testing methodologies always…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Jianmin Guo , Yu Jiang , Yue Zhao , Quan Chen , Jiaguang Sun

Deep learning (DL) frameworks are essential to DL-based software systems, and framework bugs may lead to substantial disasters, thus requiring effective testing. Researchers adopt DL models or single interfaces as test inputs and analyze…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yanzhou Mu , Juan Zhai , Chunrong Fang , Xiang Chen , Zhixiang Cao , Peiran Yang , Kexin Zhao , An Guo , Zhenyu Chen

The past few years have seen a surge of applying Deep Learning (DL) models for a wide array of tasks such as image classification, object detection, machine translation, etc. While DL models provide an opportunity to solve otherwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Cheng Li , Abdul Dakkak , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-mei Hwu

Testing Deep Learning (DL) based systems inherently requires large and representative test sets to evaluate whether DL systems generalise beyond their training datasets. Diverse Test Input Generators (TIGs) have been proposed to produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Vincenzo Riccio , Paolo Tonella

Testing deep learning (DL) systems requires extensive and diverse, yet valid, test inputs. While synthetic test input generation methods, such as metamorphic testing, are widely used for DL testing, they risk introducing invalid inputs that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Delaram Ghobari , Mohammad Hossein Amini , Dai Quoc Tran , Seunghee Park , Shiva Nejati , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to sophisticated prompt engineering attacks that exploit contextual framing to bypass safety mechanisms, posing significant risks in cybersecurity applications. We introduce Jailbreak Mimicry,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pavlos Ntais

Deep Learning systems (DL) based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are more and more used in various aspects of our life, including unmanned vehicles, speech processing, and robotics. However, due to the limited dataset and the dependence on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Pengcheng Zhang , Qiyin Dai , Patrizio Pelliccione

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), with its promising performance, are being increasingly used in safety critical applications such as autonomous driving, cancer detection, and secure authentication. With growing importance in deep learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Senthil Mani , Anush Sankaran , Srikanth Tamilselvam , Akshay Sethi

Despite deep learning (DL) success in classification problems, DL classifiers do not provide a sound mechanism to decide when to refrain from predicting. Recent works tried to control the overall prediction risk with classification with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Zhen Lin , Cao Xiao , Lucas Glass , M. Brandon Westover , Jimeng Sun

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recently achieved great success in many classification tasks. Unfortunately, they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that generate adversarial examples with a small perturbation to fool DNN models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Xiaowei Zhou , Ivor W. Tsang , Jie Yin