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Imitation learning trains policies to map from input observations to the actions that an expert would choose. In this setting, distribution shift frequently exacerbates the effect of misattributing expert actions to nuisance correlates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Chuan Wen , Jierui Lin , Trevor Darrell , Dinesh Jayaraman , Yang Gao

Behavioral cloning reduces policy learning to supervised learning by training a discriminative model to predict expert actions given observations. Such discriminative models are non-causal: the training procedure is unaware of the causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Pim de Haan , Dinesh Jayaraman , Sergey Levine

Learning from humans allows non-experts to program robots with ease, lowering the resources required to build complex robotic solutions. Nevertheless, such data-driven approaches often lack the ability to provide guarantees regarding their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Rodrigo Pérez-Dattari , Jens Kober

The fundamental limitation of the behavioral cloning (BC) approach to imitation learning is that it only teaches an agent what the expert did at states the expert visited. This means that when a BC agent makes a mistake which takes them out…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Arnav Kumar Jain , Vibhakar Mohta , Subin Kim , Atiksh Bhardwaj , Juntao Ren , Yunhai Feng , Sanjiban Choudhury , Gokul Swamy

We introduce SoftMimic, a framework for learning compliant whole-body control policies for humanoid robots from example motions. Imitating human motions with reinforcement learning allows humanoids to quickly learn new skills, but existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Gabriel B. Margolis , Michelle Wang , Nolan Fey , Pulkit Agrawal

Imitation learning offers a promising path for robots to learn general-purpose behaviors, but traditionally has exhibited limited scalability due to high data supervision requirements and brittle generalization. Inspired by recent advances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Soroush Nasiriany , Tian Gao , Ajay Mandlekar , Yuke Zhu

Consider an imitation learning problem that the imitator and the expert have different dynamics models. Most of the current imitation learning methods fail because they focus on imitating actions. We propose a novel state alignment-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Fangchen Liu , Zhan Ling , Tongzhou Mu , Hao Su

Computer simulation provides an automatic and safe way for training robotic control policies to achieve complex tasks such as locomotion. However, a policy trained in simulation usually does not transfer directly to the real hardware due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Wenhao Yu , C. Karen Liu , Greg Turk

We study ObjectGoal Navigation -- where a virtual robot situated in a new environment is asked to navigate to an object. Prior work has shown that imitation learning (IL) using behavior cloning (BC) on a dataset of human demonstrations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Ram Ramrakhya , Dhruv Batra , Erik Wijmans , Abhishek Das

It is doubtful that animals have perfect inverse models of their limbs (e.g., what muscle contraction must be applied to every joint to reach a particular location in space). However, in robot control, moving an arm's end-effector to a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Justus Huebotter , Serge Thill , Marcel van Gerven , Pablo Lanillos

This paper investigates how to efficiently transition and update policies, trained initially with demonstrations, using off-policy actor-critic reinforcement learning. It is well-known that techniques based on Learning from Demonstrations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Vinicius G. Goecks , Gregory M. Gremillion , Vernon J. Lawhern , John Valasek , Nicholas R. Waytowich

We investigate the important problem of certifying stability of reinforcement learning policies when interconnected with nonlinear dynamical systems. We show that by regulating the input-output gradients of policies, strong guarantees of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Ming Jin , Javad Lavaei

Imitation Learning (IL) is a natural way for humans to teach robots, particularly when high-quality demonstrations are easy to obtain. While IL has been widely applied to single-robot settings, relatively few studies have addressed the…

Generative Behavior Cloning (GBC) is a simple yet effective framework for robot learning, particularly in multi-task settings. Recent GBC methods often employ diffusion policies with open-loop (OL) control, where actions are generated via a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Junhyuk So , Chiwoong Lee , Shinyoung Lee , Jungseul Ok , Eunhyeok Park

In this paper, we propose SwarmNet -- a neural network architecture that can learn to predict and imitate the behavior of an observed swarm of agents in a centralized manner. Tested on artificially generated swarm motion data, the network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Siyu Zhou , Mariano Phielipp , Jorge A. Sefair , Sara I. Walker , Heni Ben Amor

Achieving highly dynamic behaviors on humanoid robots, such as running, requires controllers that are both robust and precise, and hence difficult to design. Classical control methods offer valuable insight into how such systems can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Zachary Olkin , Kejun Li , William D. Compton , Aaron D. Ames

In many sequential decision-making problems (e.g., robotics control, game playing, sequential prediction), human or expert data is available containing useful information about the task. However, imitation learning (IL) from a small amount…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Divyansh Garg , Shuvam Chakraborty , Chris Cundy , Jiaming Song , Matthieu Geist , Stefano Ermon

Stable locomotion in precipitous environments is an essential task for quadruped robots, requiring the ability to resist various external disturbances. Recent neural policies enhance robustness against disturbances by learning to resist…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Junfeng Long , Wenye Yu , Quanyi Li , Zirui Wang , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

Motion mimicking, i.e., encouraging the control policy to mimic human motion, facilitates the learning of complex tasks via reinforcement learning (RL) for humanoid robots. Although standard RL frameworks demonstrate impressive locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ludwig Chee-Ying Tay , I-Chia Chang , Yan Gu

Large-scale self-supervised models have recently revolutionized our ability to perform a variety of tasks within the vision and language domains. However, using such models for autonomous systems is challenging because of safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yue Meng , Sai Vemprala , Rogerio Bonatti , Chuchu Fan , Ashish Kapoor