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Large Language Models (LLM) hold immense promise for real-world applications, but their generic knowledge often falls short of domain-specific needs. Fine-tuning, a common approach, can suffer from catastrophic forgetting and hinder…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Emile Contal , Garrin McGoldrick

We propose RecaLLM, a set of reasoning language models post-trained to make effective use of long-context information. In-context retrieval, which identifies relevant evidence from context, and reasoning are deeply intertwined: retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kyle Whitecross , Negin Rahimi

Effective conversational search demands a deep understanding of user intent across multiple dialogue turns. Users frequently use abbreviations and shift topics in the middle of conversations, posing challenges for conventional retrievers.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Seunghan Yang , Juntae Lee , Jihwan Bang , Kyuhong Shim , Minsoo Kim , Simyung Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are limited by their parametric knowledge, leading to hallucinations in knowledge-extensive tasks. To address this, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) incorporates external document chunks to expand LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zhonghao Li , Xuming Hu , Aiwei Liu , Kening Zheng , Sirui Huang , Hui Xiong

In AI research, the optimization of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a significant challenge, crucial for advancing the field's practical applications and sustainability. Building upon the foundational work of Professor Song Han's lab…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Tim Valicenti , Justice Vidal , Ritik Patnaik

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their performance across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with generating non-factual responses due to limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Taeho Hwang , Soyeong Jeong , Sukmin Cho , SeungYoon Han , Jong C. Park

Objectives: We aim to dynamically retrieve informative demonstrations, enhancing in-context learning in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for disease classification. Methods: We propose a Retrieval-Augmented In-Context Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zaifu Zhan , Shuang Zhou , Xiaoshan Zhou , Yongkang Xiao , Jun Wang , Jiawen Deng , He Zhu , Yu Hou , Rui Zhang

Causality detection and mining are important tasks in information retrieval due to their enormous use in information extraction, and knowledge graph construction. To solve these tasks, in existing literature there exist several solutions --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Thushara Manjari Naduvilakandy , Hyeju Jang , Mohammad Al Hasan

This paper focuses on the dynamic optimization of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture. It proposes a state-aware dynamic knowledge retrieval mechanism to enhance semantic understanding and knowledge scheduling efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jacky He , Guiran Liu , Binrong Zhu , Hanlu Zhang , Hongye Zheng , Xiaokai Wang

Building high-quality datasets and labeling query-document relevance are essential yet resource-intensive tasks, requiring detailed guidelines and substantial effort from human annotators. This paper explores the use of small, fine-tuned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Quentin Fitte-Rey , Matyas Amrouche , Romain Deveaud

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating human-like responses. However, their lack of domain-specific knowledge limits their applicability in healthcare settings, where contextual and comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Subash Neupane , Shaswata Mitra , Sudip Mittal , Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz , Shahram Rahimi , Amin Amirlatifi

In-context learning (ICL), teaching a large language model (LLM) to perform a task with few-shot demonstrations rather than adjusting the model parameters, has emerged as a strong paradigm for using LLMs. While early studies primarily used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Man Luo , Xin Xu , Zhuyun Dai , Panupong Pasupat , Mehran Kazemi , Chitta Baral , Vaiva Imbrasaite , Vincent Y Zhao

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized machine learning and related fields, showcasing remarkable abilities in comprehending, generating, and manipulating human language. However, their conventional usage through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Andrea Bacciu , Florin Cuconasu , Federico Siciliano , Fabrizio Silvestri , Nicola Tonellotto , Giovanni Trappolini

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on diverse benchmarks, yet existing evaluation practices largely rely on coarse summary metrics that obscure underlying reasoning abilities. In this work, we propose novel…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Jia Liu , Zhiyu Xu , Yuqi Gu

Accurate query-product relevance labeling is indispensable to generate ground truth dataset for search ranking in e-commerce. Traditional approaches for annotating query-product pairs rely on human-based labeling services, which is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jayant Sachdev , Sean D Rosario , Abhijeet Phatak , He Wen , Swati Kirti , Chittaranjan Tripathy

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for next-generation recommender systems, offering strong semantic understanding and natural-language reasoning abilities. Despite recent progress, current LLM-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shijun Li , Wooseong Yang , Yu Wang , Tianxin Wei , Joydeep Ghosh

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) helps address the limitations of parametric knowledge embedded within a language model (LM). In real world settings, retrieved information can vary in complexity, yet most investigations of LM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Lovisa Hagström , Sara Vera Marjanović , Haeun Yu , Arnav Arora , Christina Lioma , Maria Maistro , Pepa Atanasova , Isabelle Augenstein

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks enable large language models (LLMs) to retrieve relevant information from a knowledge base and incorporate it into the context for generating responses. This mitigates hallucinations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Pouria Rouzrokh , Shahriar Faghani , Cooper U. Gamble , Moein Shariatnia , Bradley J. Erickson

Multimodal information retrieval (MMIR) has gained attention for its flexibility in handling text, images, or mixed queries and candidates. Recent breakthroughs in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) boost MMIR performance by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Dawei Su , Dongsheng Wang

This paper explores the impact of context selection on the efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating Artificial Intelligence (AI) research leaderboards, a task defined as the extraction of (Task, Dataset, Metric, Score)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Salomon Kabongo , Jennifer D'Souza , Sören Auer