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Recent advances in dynamic scene reconstruction have significantly benefited from 3D Gaussian Splatting, yet existing methods show inconsistent performance across diverse scenes, indicating no single approach effectively handles all dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 In-Hwan Jin , Hyeongju Mun , Joonsoo Kim , Kugjin Yun , Kyeongbo Kong

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture is crucial for scaling large language models, but its scalability is severely limited by inter-GPU communication bottlenecks in multi-GPU systems. Although overlapping communication with computation…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhuoshan Zhou , Chen Zhang , Shuyi Zhang , Qijun Zhang , Haibo Wang , Zhe Zhou , Zhipeng Tu , Guangyu Sun , Yijia Diao , Zhigang Ji , Jingwen Leng , Guanghui He , Minyi Guo

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) layer, a sparsely-activated model controlled by a router, has achieved great success in deep learning. However, the understanding of such architecture remains elusive. In this paper, we formally study how the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Zixiang Chen , Yihe Deng , Yue Wu , Quanquan Gu , Yuanzhi Li

Low-light enhancement has wide applications in autonomous driving, 3D reconstruction, remote sensing, surveillance, and so on, which can significantly improve information utilization. However, most existing methods lack generalization and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Minwen Liao , Hao Bo Dong , Xinyi Wang , Kurban Ubul , Yihua Shao , Ziyang Yan

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have shown promising potential for parameter-efficient scaling across domains. However, their application to image classification remains limited, often requiring billion-scale datasets to be competitive. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mathurin Videau , Alessandro Leite , Marc Schoenauer , Olivier Teytaud

Most recent state-of-the-art (SOTA) large language models (LLMs) use Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures to scale model capacity without proportional per-token compute, enabling higher-quality outputs at manageable serving costs.…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is an emerging technique for scaling large models with sparse activation. MoE models are typically trained in a distributed manner with an expert parallelism scheme, where experts in each MoE layer are distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Fahao Chen , Peng Li , Zicong Hong , Zhou Su , Song Guo

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has demonstrated significant advantages in the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), offering enhanced capabilities with reduced inference costs. However, deploying MoE-based LLMs on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Peng Tang , Jiacheng Liu , Xiaofeng Hou , Yifei Pu , Jing Wang , Pheng-Ann Heng , Chao Li , Minyi Guo

In this paper, we propose a Collaboration of Experts (CoE) framework to pool together the expertise of multiple networks towards a common aim. Each expert is an individual network with expertise on a unique portion of the dataset, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Yikang Zhang , Zhuo Chen , Zhao Zhong

We present MoE-Loco, a Mixture of Experts (MoE) framework for multitask locomotion for legged robots. Our method enables a single policy to handle diverse terrains, including bars, pits, stairs, slopes, and baffles, while supporting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Runhan Huang , Shaoting Zhu , Yilun Du , Hang Zhao

We propose the Mixture of Frozen Experts (MoFE) architecture, which integrates Parameter-efficient Fine-tuning (PEFT) and the Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture to enhance both training efficiency and model scalability. By freezing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jean Seo , Jaeyoon Kim , Hyopil Shin

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) underscore the significance of scalable models and data to boost performance, yet this often incurs substantial computational costs. Although the Mixture of Experts (MoE)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yunxin Li , Shenyuan Jiang , Baotian Hu , Longyue Wang , Wanqi Zhong , Wenhan Luo , Lin Ma , Min Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a practical architecture for scaling LLM capacity while keeping per-token compute modest, but deploying MoE models on a single, memory-limited GPU remains difficult because expert weights dominate the HBM…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Kexin Chu , Dawei Xiang , Zixu Shen , Yiwei Yang , Zecheng Liu , Wei Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as a promising direction, offering efficiency and scalability by activating only a subset of parameters during inference. However, current research remains largely performance-centric,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jiahao Ying , Mingbao Lin , Qianru Sun , Yixin Cao

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the dominant choice for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs), activating only a subset of parameters per token. While MoE architectures are primarily adopted for computational efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jeremy Herbst , Stefan Wermter , Jae Hee Lee

Reinforcement learning (RL) has equipped LLM agents with a strong ability to solve complex tasks. However, existing RL methods normally use a \emph{single} policy network, causing \emph{simplicity bias} where simple tasks occupy most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shengtian Yang , Yu Li , Shuo He , Yewen Li , Qingpeng Cai , Peng Jiang , Lei Feng

The traditional viewpoint on Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) models is that instead of training a single large expert, which is computationally expensive, we can train many small experts. The hope is that if the total parameter count of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Youngseog Chung , Dhruv Malik , Jeff Schneider , Yuanzhi Li , Aarti Singh

Recent advancements in all-in-one image restoration models have revolutionized the ability to address diverse degradations through a unified framework. However, parameters tied to specific tasks often remain inactive for other tasks, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Eduard Zamfir , Zongwei Wu , Nancy Mehta , Yuedong Tan , Danda Pani Paudel , Yulun Zhang , Radu Timofte

Horseshoe mixtures-of-experts (HS-MoE) models provide a Bayesian framework for sparse expert selection in mixture-of-experts architectures. We combine the horseshoe prior's adaptive global-local shrinkage with input-dependent gating,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-15 Nick Polson , Vadim Sokolov

Scaling the size of a model enhances its capabilities but significantly increases computation complexity. Mixture-of-Experts models (MoE) address the issue by allowing model size to scale up without substantially increasing training or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zhenpeng Su , Zijia Lin , Xue Bai , Xing Wu , Yizhe Xiong , Haoran Lian , Guangyuan Ma , Hui Chen , Guiguang Ding , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu