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Automobiles are equipped with Electronic Control Units (ECU) that communicate via in-vehicle network protocol standards such as Controller Area Network (CAN). These protocols are designed under the assumption that separating in-vehicle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Sang Uk Sagong , Xuhang Ying , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Radha Poovendran

Rising complexity of in-vehicle electronics is enabling new capabilities like autonomous driving and active safety. However, rising automation also increases risk of security threats which is compounded by lack of in-built security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Eashan Wadhwa , Shreejith Shanker

Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the in-vehicle network protocols that is used to communicate among Electronic Control Units (ECUs) and has been de-facto standard. CAN is simple and has several vulnerabilities such as unable to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Shuji Ohira , Araya Kibrom Desta , Tomoya Kitagawa , Ismail Arai , Kazutoshi Fujikawa

In the last several decades, the automotive industry has come to incorporate the latest Information and Communications (ICT) technology, increasingly replacing mechanical components of vehicles with electronic components. These electronic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Wonsuk Choi , Hyo Jin Jo , Samuel Woo , Ji Young Chun , Jooyoung Park , Dong Hoon Lee

The large number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) mounted on modern cars and their expansive communication capabilities create a substantial attack surface for potential exploitation. Despite the evolution of automotive technology, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Alessandro Lotto , Francesco Marchiori , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus works as an important protocol in the real-time In-Vehicle Network (IVN) systems for its simple, suitable, and robust architecture. The risk of IVN devices has still been insecure and vulnerable due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sk. Tanzir Mehedi , Adnan Anwar , Ziaur Rahman , Kawsar Ahmed

Data for controlling a vehicle is exchanged among Electronic Control Units (ECUs) via in-vehicle network protocols such as the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. Since these protocols are designed for an isolated network, the protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Sang Uk Sagong , Radha Poovendran , Linda Bushnell

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has evolved modern transportation through enhanced connectivity and intelligent systems. However, this increased connectivity introduces critical vulnerabilities, making vehicles susceptible to cyber-attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Hop Le , Izzat Alsmadi

Intrusion detection for Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol requires modern methods in order to compete with other electrical architectures. Fingerprint Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) provide a promising new approach to solve this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Kunaal Verma , Mansi Girdhar , Azeem Hafeez , Selim S. Awad

Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) enhance mobility but face cybersecurity threats, particularly through the insecure Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. Cyberattacks can have devastating consequences in connected vehicles, including…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Muzun Althunayyan , Amir Javed , Omer Rana

This work focuses on eliminating timing-side channels in real-time safety-critical cyber-physical network protocols like Controller Area Networks (CAN). Automotive Electronic Control Units (ECUs) implement predictable scheduling decisions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Sunandan Adhikary , Ipsita Koley , Arkaprava Sain , Soumyadeep das , Shuvam Saha , Soumyajit Dey

Current research in the automotive domain has proven the limitations of the CAN protocol from a security standpoint. Application-layer attacks, which involve the creation of malicious packets, are deemed feasible from remote but can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Alvise de Faveri Tron , Stefano Longari , Michele Carminati , Mario Polino , Stefano Zanero

With the advent of vehicles equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) and other automated driving features, the potential for cyberattacks on these automated vehicles (AVs) has emerged. While…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Tianyi Li , Mingfeng Shang , Shian Wang , Raphael Stern

The security of modern vehicles has become increasingly important, with the controller area network (CAN) bus serving as a critical communication backbone for various Electronic Control Units (ECUs). The absence of robust security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Stefano Longari , Paolo Cerracchio , Michele Carminati , Stefano Zanero

Driving trajectory data remains vulnerable to privacy breaches despite existing mitigation measures. Traditional methods for detecting driving trajectories typically rely on map-matching the path using Global Positioning System (GPS) data,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Xiaojie Lin , Baihe Ma , Xu Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Ying He , Wei Ni , Ren Ping Liu

Vehicles are becoming more and more connected, this opens up a larger attack surface which not only affects the passengers inside vehicles, but also people around them. These vulnerabilities exist because modern systems are built on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Sandeep Nair Narayanan , Sudip Mittal , Anupam Joshi

As electronic systems become increasingly complex and prevalent in modern vehicles, securing onboard networks is crucial, particularly as many of these systems are safety-critical. Researchers have demonstrated that modern vehicles are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Chunheng Zhao , Stefano Longari , Michele Carminati , Pierluigi Pisu

This paper explores the detection and localization of cyber-attacks on time-series measurements data in power systems, focusing on comparing conventional machine learning (ML) like k-means, deep learning method like autoencoder, and graph…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Tianzhixi Yin , Syed Ahsan Raza Naqvi , Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Soumya Kundu

Previous research works have endorsed the use of delays and clock skews for detecting intrusions or fingerprinting ECUs on the CAN bus. Similar techniques have been also proposed for establishing a time-covert cryptographic authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Bogdan Groza , Lucian Popa , Pal-Stefan Murvay

The Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, essential for automotive embedded systems, lacks inherent security features, making it vulnerable to cyber threats, especially with the rise of autonomous vehicles. Traditional security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Franco Oberti , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino