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The dynamics described by the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian typically capture the short-term behavior of open quantum systems before quantum jumps occur. In contrast, the long-term dynamics, characterized by the Lindblad master equation (LME),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 X. Z. Zhang

We provide a systematic framework for constructing generic models of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics with a target stationary (mixed) state. Our framework identifies (almost) all combinations of Hamiltonian and dissipative dynamics that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Jinkang Guo , Oliver Hart , Chi-Fang Chen , Aaron J. Friedman , Andrew Lucas

The accurate characterization of nonequilibrium strongly-correlated quantum systems has been a longstanding challenge in many-body physics. Notable among them are quantum impurity models, which appear in various nanoelectronic and quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-10-14 Matan Lotem , Andreas Weichselbaum , Jan von Delft , Moshe Goldstein

The design of small scale non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) is a challenging, open ended question. While similar equilibrium problems are tractable using standard thermodynamics, a generalized description for non-equilibrium systems is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-10 William D. Piñeros , Tsvi Tlusty

In this article, we investigate periodically driven open quantum systems within the framework of Floquet-Lindblad master equations. Specifically, we discuss Lindblad master equations in the presence of a coherent, time-periodic driving and…

We consider Lindblad dynamics of quantum spin systems on infinite lattices and define a nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) and a time-averaged nonequilibrium steady state (TANESS) on the basis of $C^*$-algebraic formalism. Generically, the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Kenji Shimomura , Nagisa Hara , Seiichiro Kusuoka

We develop a method of calculating the nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) of an open quantum system that is weakly coupled to reservoirs in different equilibrium states. We describe the system using a Redfield-type quantum master equation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-12-09 Tatsuro Yuge , Ayumu Sugita

Realistic quantum systems are affected by environmental loss, which is often seen as detrimental for applications in quantum technologies. Alternatively, weak coupling to an environment can aid in stabilizing highly entangled and mixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Koray Aydoğan , Anthony W. Schlimgen , Kade Head-Marsden

We explicitly construct unique non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) of Lindblad master equation characterized by a Gibbs ensemble $\rho_{\text{NESS}} \propto e^{-\beta \tilde{H}}$, where the effective hamiltonian $\tilde{H}$ is an element in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Shi-Kang Sun , Shu Chen

With their constantly increasing peak performance and memory capacity, modern supercomputers offer new perspectives on numerical studies of open many-body quantum systems. These systems are often modeled by using Markovian quantum master…

Non-equilibrium steady states are a focal point of research in the study of open quantum systems. Previous variational algorithms for searching these steady states have suffered from resource-intensive implementations due to vectorization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-14 Hongyi Zhou , Rui Mao , Xiaoming Sun

Quantum scientific computing is to solve engineering and science problems such as simulation and optimization on quantum computers. Solving ordinary and partial differential equations (PDEs) is essential in simulations. However, existing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Eunsik Choi , Jungin E. Kim , Xueling Lu , Yan Wang

We compare two approaches to open quantum systems, namely, the non-Hermitian dynamics and the Lindblad master equation. In order to deal with more general dissipative phenomena, we propose the unified master equation that combines the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-10 Konstantin G. Zloshchastiev , Alessandro Sergi

Reservoir engineering has proven to be a practical approach to control open quantum systems, preserving quantum coherence by appropriately manipulating the reservoir and system-reservoir interactions. In this context, for systems comprised…

We present an alternative form of master equation, applicable on the analysis of non-equilibrium dynamics of fermionic open quantum systems. The formalism considers a general scenario, composed by a multipartite quantum system in contact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Fabrício M. Souza , L. Sanz

The Lindblad master equation is one of the main approaches to open quantum systems. While it has been widely applied in the context of condensed matter systems to study properties of steady states in the limit of long times, the actual…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-07 Tjark Heitmann , Jonas Richter , Jacek Herbrych , Jochen Gemmer , Robin Steinigeweg

We study the problem of calculating transport properties of interacting quantum systems, specifically electrical and thermal conductivities, by computing the non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) of the system biased by contacts. Our approach…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-08-19 Raghu Mahajan , C. Daniel Freeman , Sam Mumford , Norm Tubman , Brian Swingle

We consider a closed quantum system subjected to stochastic Poissonian resetting with rate $r$ to its initial state. Resetting drives the system to a nonequilibrium stationary state (NESS) with a mixed density matrix which has both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Manas Kulkarni , Satya N. Majumdar

The Lindblad (GKLS) master equation, which represents the mathematical form for the general evolution of a density matrix, is a versatile and widely-used tool in open quantum systems. In contrast with the typical approach of imposing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Eugenia Pyurbeeva , Ronnie Kosloff

The Lindblad equation for open quantum systems is central to our understanding of coherence and entanglement in the presence of Markovian dissipation. In closed quantum systems Hilbert-space fragmentation is an effective mechanism for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Dawid Paszko , Christopher J. Turner , Dominic C. Rose , Arijeet Pal
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