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Implantable brain-machine interfaces (iBMIs) are evolving to record from thousands of neurons wirelessly but face challenges in data bandwidth, power consumption, and implant size. We propose a novel Spiking Neural Network Spike Detector…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Chanwook Hwang , Biyan Zhou , Ye Ke , Vivek Mohan , Jong Hwan Ko , Arindam Basu

Using a vision-inspired keyword spotting framework, we propose an architecture with input-dependent dynamic depth capable of processing streaming audio. Specifically, we extend a conformer encoder with trainable binary gates that allow us…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Alexandre Bittar , Paul Dixon , Mohammad Samragh , Kumari Nishu , Devang Naik

Keyword spotting (KWS) aims to discriminate a specific wake-up word from other signals precisely and efficiently for different users. Recent works utilize various deep networks to train KWS models with all users' speech data centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Xin-Chun Li , Jin-Lin Tang , Shaoming Song , Bingshuai Li , Yinchuan Li , Yunfeng Shao , Le Gan , De-Chuan Zhan

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in designing small-footprint yet effective Connectionist Temporal Classification based keyword spotting (CTC-KWS) systems. They are typically deployed on low-resource computing platforms,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Yu Xi , Haoyu Li , Hao Li , Jiaqi Guo , Xu Li , Wen Ding , Kai Yu

User-defined keyword spotting (KWS) without resorting to domain-specific pre-labeled training data is of fundamental importance in building adaptable and personalized voice interfaces. However, such systems are still faced with arduous…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Lo-Ya Li , Tien-Hong Lo , Jeih-Weih Hung , Shih-Chieh Huang , Berlin Chen

We present a system for keyword spotting that, except for a frontend component for feature generation, it is entirely contained in a deep neural network (DNN) model trained "end-to-end" to predict the presence of the keyword in a stream of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Alvarez Raziel , Park Hyun-Jin

In order to maximize detection precision rate as well as the recall rate, this paper proposes an in-vehicle multi-source fusion scheme in Keyword Spotting (KWS) System for vehicle applications. Vehicle information, as a new source for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yue Tan , Kan Zheng , Lei Lei

Cryogenic neuromorphic systems, inspired by the brains unparalleled efficiency, present a promising paradigm for next generation computing architectures.This work introduces a fully integrated neuromorphic framework that combines…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Md Mazharul Islam , Julia Steed , Karan Patel , Catherine Schuman , Ahmedullah Aziz

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide an efficient computational mechanism for temporal signal processing, especially when coupled with low-power SNN inference ASICs. SNNs have been historically difficult to configure, lacking a general…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Hannah Bos , Dylan Muir

This paper introduces DeltaKWS, to the best of our knowledge, the first $\Delta$RNN-enabled fine-grained temporal sparsity-aware KWS IC for voice-controlled devices. The 65 nm prototype chip features a number of techniques to enhance…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Qinyu Chen , Kwantae Kim , Chang Gao , Sheng Zhou , Taekwang Jang , Tobi Delbruck , Shih-Chii Liu

Machine learning applications that are implemented with spike-based computation model, e.g., Spiking Neural Network (SNN), have a great potential to lower the energy consumption when they are executed on a neuromorphic hardware. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Shihao Song , Adarsha Balaji , Anup Das , Nagarajan Kandasamy , James Shackleford

Neuromorphic engineering aims to advance computing by mimicking the brain's efficient processing, where data is encoded as asynchronous temporal events. This eliminates the need for a synchronisation clock and minimises power consumption…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ben Walters , Yeshwanth Bethi , Taylor Kergan , Binh Nguyen , Amirali Amirsoleimani , Jason K. Eshraghian , Saeed Afshar , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Achieving optimal semantic segmentation with frame-based vision sensors poses significant challenges for real-time systems like UAVs and self-driving cars, which require rapid and precise processing. Traditional frame-based methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 D. Hareb , J. Martinet , B. Miramond

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) has recently attracted attention as a low-power alternative to neural networks due to its simple and interpretable inference mechanisms. However, its performance on speech-related tasks remains limited. This paper…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Baizhou Lin , Yuetong Fang , Renjing Xu , Rishad Shafik , Jagmohan Chauhan

Keyword Spotting (KWS) models are becoming increasingly integrated into various systems, e.g. voice assistants. To achieve satisfactory performance, these models typically rely on a large amount of labelled data, limiting their applications…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Holger Severin Bovbjerg , Zheng-Hua Tan

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly energy-efficient during inference, making them particularly suitable for deployment on neuromorphic hardware. Their ability to process event-driven inputs, such as data from dynamic vision sensors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sirine Arfa , Bernhard Vogginger , Chen Liu , Johannes Partzsch , Mark Schone , Christian Mayr

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are the third generation of neural networks that are biologically inspired to process data in a fashion that emulates the exchange of signals in the brain. Within the Computer Vision community SNNs have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 William Bjorndahl , Jack Easton , Austin Modoff , Eric C. Larson , Joseph Camp , Prasanna Rangarajan

Neuromorphic computing and spiking neural networks (SNN) mimic the behavior of biological systems and have drawn interest for their potential to perform cognitive tasks with high energy efficiency. However, some factors such as temporal…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Haowen Fang , Brady Taylor , Ziru Li , Zaidao Mei , Hai Li , Qinru Qiu

In this paper, we propose several methods that incorporate vocal tract length (VTL) warped features for spoken keyword spotting (KWS). The first method, VTL-independent KWS, involves training a single deep neural network (DNN) that utilizes…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Achintya kr. Sarkar , Priyanka Dwivedi , Zheng-Hua Tan

For noisy environments, ensuring the robustness of keyword spotting (KWS) systems is essential. While much research has focused on noisy KWS, less attention has been paid to multi-talker mixed speech scenarios. Unlike the usual cocktail…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Haoyu Li , Baochen Yang , Yu Xi , Linfeng Yu , Tian Tan , Hao Li , Kai Yu