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Large Language Models (LLMs) inevitably memorize sensitive information during training, posing significant privacy risks. Machine unlearning has emerged as a promising solution to selectively remove such information without full retraining.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuze Wang , Yujia Tong , Xuan Liu , Junhao Dong

The task of Text-to-SQL enables anyone to retrieve information from SQL databases using natural language. While this task has made substantial progress, the two primary evaluation metrics - Execution Accuracy (EXE) and Exact Set Matching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Benjamin G. Ascoli , Yasoda Sai Ram Kandikonda , Jinho D. Choi

Questions of fair use of copyright-protected content to train Large Language Models (LLMs) are being actively debated. Document-level inference has been proposed as a new task: inferring from black-box access to the trained model whether a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Matthieu Meeus , Igor Shilov , Manuel Faysse , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences typically relies on supervised reward models or external judges that demand abundant annotations. However, in fields that rely on professional knowledge, such as medicine and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yiyang Zhao , Huiyu Bai , Xuejiao Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

LLM-based prompt optimization, that uses LLM-provided "textual gradients" (feedback) to refine prompts, has emerged an effective method for automatic prompt engineering. However, its scalability and stability are unclear when using more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zixin Ding , Junyuan Hong , Zhan Shi , Jiachen T. Wang , Zinan Lin , Li Yin , Meng Liu , Zhangyang Wang , Yuxin Chen

Sequential Recommender Systems (SRS), which model a user's interaction history to predict the next item of interest, are widely used in various applications. However, existing SRS often struggle with low-popularity items, a challenge known…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Wanyu Wang , Yejing Wang , Yuanshao Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Feng Tian , Yefeng Zheng

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention from the research community due to their exceptional performance and generalization capabilities. In this paper, we introduce a novel method for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Egor Lakomkin , Chunyang Wu , Yassir Fathullah , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael L. Seltzer , Christian Fuegen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often evaluated against ideals of perfect Bayesian inference, yet growing evidence suggests that their in-context reasoning exhibits systematic forgetting of past information. Rather than viewing this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Alexandros Christoforos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities, but aligning their outputs with human preferences typically requires expensive supervised fine-tuning. Recent test-time methods leverage textual feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Shibing Mo , Haoyang Ruan , Kai Wu , Jing Liu

Large language models (LLMs) excel on a variety of reasoning benchmarks, but previous studies suggest they sometimes struggle to generalize to unseen questions, potentially due to over-reliance on memorized training examples. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yihuai Hong , Dian Zhou , Meng Cao , Lei Yu , Zhijing Jin

Domain-specific large language models (LLMs), typically developed by fine-tuning a pre-trained general-purpose LLM on specialized datasets, represent a significant advancement in applied AI. A common strategy in LLM fine-tuning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jing-Cheng Pang , Liu Sun , Chang Zhou , Xian Tang , Haichuan Ma , Kun Jiang , Jianlong Wang , Kai Zhang , Sijie Wu , Haoran Cai , Chenwei Wu , Xubin Li , Xin Chen

Since Large Language Models or LLMs have demonstrated high-quality performance on many complex language tasks, there is a great interest in bringing these LLMs to mobile devices for faster responses and better privacy protection. However,…

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into automatic speech recognition (ASR) has become a dominant paradigm. Although recent LLM-based ASR models have shown promising performance on public benchmarks, it remains challenging to balance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Yuan Xie , Jiaqi Song , Guang Qiu , Xianliang Wang , Ming Lei , Jie Gao , Jie Wu

Despite the increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), we still have a limited understanding of how their representational spaces are structured. This limits our ability to interpret how and what they learn or relate them to…

End-to-end training of Spoken Language Models (SLMs) commonly involves adapting pre-trained text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) to the speech modality through multi-stage training on diverse tasks such as ASR, TTS and spoken question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chi-Yuan Hsiao , Ke-Han Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Chih-Kai Yang , Wei-Chih Chen , Hung-yi Lee

As large language models (LLMs) are trained on massive datasets, they have raised significant privacy and ethical concerns due to their potential to inadvertently retain sensitive information. Unlearning seeks to selectively remove specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Philipp Spohn , Leander Girrbach , Jessica Bader , Zeynep Akata

Recent advancements in Large Language Models have yielded significant improvements in complex reasoning tasks such as mathematics and programming. However, these models remain heavily dependent on annotated data and exhibit limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Jia Liu , ChangYi He , YingQiao Lin , MingMin Yang , FeiYang Shen , ShaoGuo Liu

Memorization in large language models (LLMs) makes them vulnerable to data extraction attacks. While pre-training memorization has been extensively studied, fewer works have explored its impact in fine-tuning, particularly for LoRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Fei Wang , Baochun Li

Data is the cornerstone of large language models (LLMs), but not all data is useful for model learning. Carefully selected data can better elicit the capabilities of LLMs with much less computational overhead. Most methods concentrate on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Mingjia Yin , Chuhan Wu , Yufei Wang , Hao Wang , Wei Guo , Yasheng Wang , Yong Liu , Ruiming Tang , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen
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