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Neural code models (NCMs) have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities in code intelligence tasks. Meanwhile, the security of NCMs and NCMs-based systems has garnered increasing attention. In particular, NCMs are often trained on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Weisong Sun , Yuchen Chen , Mengzhe Yuan , Chunrong Fang , Zhenpeng Chen , Chong Wang , Yang Liu , Baowen Xu , Zhenyu Chen

Despite remarkable successes in unimodal learning tasks, backdoor attacks against cross-modal learning are still underexplored due to the limited generalization and inferior stealthiness when involving multiple modalities. Notably, since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zheng Zhang , Xu Yuan , Lei Zhu , Jingkuan Song , Liqiang Nie

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to a range of adversaries. A particularly pernicious class of vulnerabilities are backdoors, where model predictions diverge in the presence of subtle triggers in inputs. An attacker can implant a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Goutham Ramakrishnan , Aws Albarghouthi

Reusing off-the-shelf code snippets from online repositories is a common practice, which significantly enhances the productivity of software developers. To find desired code snippets, developers resort to code search engines through natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Weisong Sun , Yuchen Chen , Guanhong Tao , Chunrong Fang , Xiangyu Zhang , Quanjun Zhang , Bin Luo

Recent studies have revealed a security threat to natural language processing (NLP) models, called the Backdoor Attack. Victim models can maintain competitive performance on clean samples while behaving abnormally on samples with a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Wenkai Yang , Lei Li , Zhiyuan Zhang , Xuancheng Ren , Xu Sun , Bin He

Backdoor attacks for neural code models have gained considerable attention due to the advancement of code intelligence. However, most existing works insert triggers into task-specific data for code-related downstream tasks, thereby limiting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Yanzhou Li , Shangqing Liu , Kangjie Chen , Xiaofei Xie , Tianwei Zhang , Yang Liu

Self-supervised and multimodal vision encoders learn strong visual representations that are widely adopted in downstream vision tasks and large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, downstream users often rely on third-party pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Siquan Huang , Yijiang Li , Ningzhi Gao , Xingfu Yan , Leyu Shi , Ying Gao

It has been proved that deep neural networks are facing a new threat called backdoor attacks, where the adversary can inject backdoors into the neural network model through poisoning the training dataset. When the input containing some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Chuanshuai Chen , Jiazhu Dai

Deep learning models have consistently outperformed traditional machine learning models in various classification tasks, including image classification. As such, they have become increasingly prevalent in many real world applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Cong Liao , Haoti Zhong , Anna Squicciarini , Sencun Zhu , David Miller

Backdoor attacks pose a serious security threat to large language models (LLMs), which are increasingly deployed as general-purpose assistants in safety- and privacy-critical applications. Existing LLM backdoors rely primarily on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Rui Wen , Mark Russinovich , Andrew Paverd , Jun Sakuma , Ahmed Salem

As machine learning (ML) systems are being increasingly employed in the real world to handle sensitive tasks and make decisions in various fields, the security and privacy of those models have also become increasingly critical. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Marwan Omar

Neural code models have found widespread success in tasks pertaining to code intelligence, yet they are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where an adversary can manipulate the victim model's behavior by inserting triggers into the source…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Fangwen Mu , Junjie Wang , Zhuohao Yu , Lin Shi , Song Wang , Mingyang Li , Qing Wang

Neural code models have been increasingly incorporated into software development processes. However, their susceptibility to backdoor attacks presents a significant security risk. The state-of-the-art understanding focuses on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Junyao Ye , Zhen Li , Xi Tang , Shouhuai Xu , Deqing Zou , Zhongsheng Yuan

Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have made rapid progress in recent years, they are vulnerable in adversarial environments. A malicious backdoor could be embedded in a model by poisoning the training dataset, whose intention is to make…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Yinpeng Dong , Xiao Yang , Zhijie Deng , Tianyu Pang , Zihao Xiao , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Recent studies show that neural natural language processing (NLP) models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Injected with backdoors, models perform normally on benign examples but produce attacker-specified predictions when the backdoor is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Fanchao Qi , Yuan Yao , Sophia Xu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Deep learning models are increasingly used in mobile applications as critical components. Unlike the program bytecode whose vulnerabilities and threats have been widely-discussed, whether and how the deep learning models deployed in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Yuanchun Li , Jiayi Hua , Haoyu Wang , Chunyang Chen , Yunxin Liu

Backdoor attacks compromise the integrity and reliability of machine learning models by embedding a hidden trigger during the training process, which can later be activated to cause unintended misbehavior. We propose a novel backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Felix Hsieh , Huy H. Nguyen , AprilPyone MaungMaung , Dmitrii Usynin , Isao Echizen

Machine learning backdoors have the property that the machine learning model should work as expected on normal inputs, but when the input contains a specific $\textit{trigger}$, it behaves as the attacker desires. Detecting such triggers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Eirik Høyheim , Magnus Wiik Eckhoff , Gudmund Grov , Robert Flood , David Aspinall

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models designed for coding tasks are increasingly employed as AI coding assistants. However, the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and implications arising from the widespread integration of these models are not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Md Imran Hossen , Sai Venkatesh Chilukoti , Liqun Shan , Sheng Chen , Yinzhi Cao , Xiali Hei
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